Tea Tree Oil: Properties and the Therapeutic Approach to Acne—A Review

Nascimento, Tânia; Gomes, Diana Cristina Serra; Simões, Ricardo; Miguel, Maria

doi:10.3390/antiox12061264

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 189 publications

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“…This drawback can be circumvented through its encapsulation into liposomes. Bhalerao and Harshal succeeded in developing salicylic-acid-loaded liposomes possessing adequate stability when stored at 4–5 °C [ 173 ]. However, they did not investigate their therapeutic effectiveness, nor their irritation potential.…”

Section: Miscellaneous Anti-acne Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liposomes and Other Nanocarriers for the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris: Improved Therapeutic Efficacy and Skin Tolerability

Dragicevic,

Maibach

2024

Pharmaceutics

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Acne vulgaris is a common dermatologic disorder that affects approximately 85% of teenagers, which significantly impacts the quality of life in adolescents. It is a chronic disease of the sebaceous follicles that is multifactorial in etiology. Topical treatment is the first choice for mild and moderate acne, while systemic therapy is reserved for severe and certain moderate cases. Topical treatments include retinoids (e.g., tretinoin and adapalene), antibiotics (e.g., clindamycine), and other agents (e.g., benzoyl peroxide and azelaic acid), often applied in combination. The mechanisms of action include antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and keratolytic activities, as well as sebum secretion reduction, and the normalization of follicular keratinization. However, these topical agents commonly induce side effects, such as dryness, burning, stinging, peeling, redness, erythema, and photosensitivity. Therefore, there is a need to reduce the side effects of anti-acne drugs, while maintaining or enhancing their therapeutic effectiveness. This article aims to comprehensively outline nanotechnology strategies, particularly the use of phospholipid-based nanocarriers like liposomes and related vesicles, to enhance therapeutic efficacy, skin tolerability, and patient compliance in the treatment of acne vulgaris. In addition, novel active ingredients encapsulated in vesicles beyond those recommended in official guidelines are discussed.

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Section: Miscellaneous Anti-acne Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liposomes and Other Nanocarriers for the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris: Improved Therapeutic Efficacy and Skin Tolerability

Dragicevic,

Maibach

2024

Pharmaceutics

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“…The main component of TTO is terpinene-4-ol. M. alternifolia exhibits distinct oil chemotypes characterized by varying percentages of terpinen-4-ol, 1,8-cineole, and terpinolene [60]. The in vitro anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal properties of TTO make it an interesting treatment option for inflammatory skin conditions [12,60].…”

Section: Tea Tree Oil (Tto)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…M. alternifolia exhibits distinct oil chemotypes characterized by varying percentages of terpinen-4-ol, 1,8-cineole, and terpinolene [60]. The in vitro anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal properties of TTO make it an interesting treatment option for inflammatory skin conditions [12,60]. The antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal properties have been ascribed to terpinene-4-ol, whereas the anti-inflammatory effect has been attributed to other terpenoids [60].…”

Section: Tea Tree Oil (Tto)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Therapeutic Potential of Essential Oils in Managing Inflammatory Skin Conditions: A Scoping Review

Dontje,

Schuiling-Veninga,

van Hunsel

et al. 2024

Pharmaceuticals

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Conventional therapy is commonly used for the treatment of inflammatory skin conditions, but undesirable effects, such as erythema, dryness, skin thinning, and resistance to treatment, may cause poor patient compliance. Therefore, patients may seek complementary treatment with herbal plant products including essential oils (EOs). This scoping review aims to generate a broad overview of the EOs used to treat inflammatory skin conditions, namely, acne vulgaris, dermatitis and eczema, psoriasis, and rosacea, in a clinical setting. The quality, efficacy, and safety of various EOs, as well as the way in which they are prepared, are reviewed, and the potential, as well as the limitations, of EOs for the treatment of inflammatory skin conditions are discussed. Twenty-nine eligible studies (case studies, uncontrolled clinical studies, and randomized clinical studies) on the applications of EOs for inflammatory skin conditions were retrieved from scientific electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library). As an initial result, tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) oil emerged as the most studied EO. The clinical studies with tea tree oil gel for acne treatment showed an efficacy with fewer adverse reactions compared to conventional treatments. The uncontrolled studies indicated the potential efficacy of ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi) oil, eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) oil, and cedarwood (Cedrus libani) oil in the treatment of acne, but further research is required to reach conclusive evidence. The placebo-controlled studies revealed the positive effects of kānuka (Kunzea ericoides) oil and frankincense (Boswellia spp.) oil in the treatment of psoriasis and eczema. The quality verification of the EO products was inconsistent, with some studies lacking analyses and transparency. The quality limitations of some studies included a small sample size, a short duration, and the absence of a control group. This present review underscores the need for extended, well-designed clinical studies to further assess the efficacy and safety of EOs for treating inflammatory skin conditions with products of assured quality and to further elucidate the mechanisms of action involved.

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“…Some herbal ingredients and botanical extracts used in these washes have been studied individually for their properties and benefits. For example, tea tree oil has been investigated for its antimicrobial activity, [18] aloe vera for its moisturizing and antiinflammatory effects [19] and chamomile for its soothing properties. [20] However, comprehensive studies on the specific formulations of polyherbal feminine hygiene washes are needed to validate their claimed benefits.…”

Section: Scientific Evidence and Research Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognizance, Formulation and Health Implications of Polyherbal Feminine Intimate Hygiene Wash

Aren,

Kumar

2024

Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Drug Res.

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Polyherbal feminine hygiene wash products have gained significant popularity in recent years due to their perceived benefits for women’s intimate health. The Indian fast-moving consumable goods (FMCG) market is flooded with various brands of feminine hygiene washes. Maintaining a balanced vaginal ecosystem necessitates the use of active substances in these washes. Products marketed as medically oriented cleansers to healthcare professionals are classified as cosmetics. The widespread use of feminine wash (soap) among women of reproductive age aims to alleviate symptoms linked to vaginal infections, such as itching, burning sensations, vaginal discharge, and unpleasant odors. Vaginal infections impact a significant proportion, ranging from 10 to 75%, of women during their reproductive years, potentially stemming from yeast, bacteria, or parasites. Understanding the effects of ingredients in feminine hygiene wash formulations is crucial in managing these concerns. This paper aims to explore the cognizance, formulation and health implications associated with polyherbal feminine hygiene washes. It provides an overview of the formulation, ingredients, and claims made by these products. Additionally, it addresses the scientific evidence and potential risks linked to their use. The paper seeks to inform consumers, healthcare professionals, and policymakers about the key aspects of polyherbal feminine hygiene washes and their implications for women’s health. In conclusion, this review provides a collective dataset regarding different chemical and polyherbal hygiene wash products available in the market, fostering a comprehensive understanding of these product’s landscape. The findings underscore the need for informed decision-making and regulatory considerations in the usage of these products to ensure women’s well-being.

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Tea Tree Oil: Properties and the Therapeutic Approach to Acne—A Review

Cited by 16 publications

References 189 publications

Liposomes and Other Nanocarriers for the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris: Improved Therapeutic Efficacy and Skin Tolerability

Liposomes and Other Nanocarriers for the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris: Improved Therapeutic Efficacy and Skin Tolerability

The Therapeutic Potential of Essential Oils in Managing Inflammatory Skin Conditions: A Scoping Review

Cognizance, Formulation and Health Implications of Polyherbal Feminine Intimate Hygiene Wash

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