Tear cytokine response to multipurpose solutions for contact lenses

Kalsow, Carolyn M.; Reindel, William; Merchea, Mohinder; Bateman, Kirk; Barr, Joseph T.

doi:10.2147/opth.s44642

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The differences are less likely to be due to variations in subject age (Table 4). The tear IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α concentration in our study were comparable with Kalsow et al, 27 which also examined contact lens wearers and used the same assays and similar dilution of the tears (Table 4). IL-12 is the least variable cytokine across studies (Table 4).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…32 Also, it may not be possible to compare across brands of assays, but studies using Bio-Rad Multiplex assays were more comparable (Table 4). In summary, the results presented here align well with studies in habitual soft contact lens wearers 27,36 using similar tear collection and storage methods, Biorad assays and sample dilutions 41 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Five previous studies have assessed IL-12 in healthy non-contact lens wearers, 3,5,40–42 and 2 studies have assessed IL-12 in healthy contact lens wearers. 27,36 We present comparable findings for healthy contact lens wearers during a washout period. IL-1β is the most variable cytokines, with only 2 out of 11 studies being comparable with our findings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…8,9,31 A period of washout from contact lens wear or ocular drop use has been suggested to return the ocular surface to a “baseline” state prior to further study. 27–29 A washout of between one day and one month has been used in studies of the impact of contact lenses and lens care products on the inflammatory state of the eye, but there is no evidence to support the need for, or appropriate duration of, a washout period. 27–29 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…27–29 A washout of between one day and one month has been used in studies of the impact of contact lenses and lens care products on the inflammatory state of the eye, but there is no evidence to support the need for, or appropriate duration of, a washout period. 27–29 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Changes in Tear Cytokine Concentrations Following Discontinuation of Soft Contact Lenses—A Pilot Study

Chao

Golebiowski²,

Stapleton³

et al. 2016

Eye &Amp; Contact Lens: Science &Amp; Clinical Practice

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Purpose This study investigated changes in selected tear cytokine concentrations (IL-1β, IL-1Ra, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12(p70) and TNF-α) following a 1-week washout from soft contact lens wear (CLW), and the repeatability of cytokine measurements using custom Multiplex assays. Methods A total of 10 subjects completed this 6-visit (immediately following contact lens removal, and after 1, 2, 3, 4 and 7 (±1) days without CLW) pilot study. Approximately 20–30μl of pooled basal tears were collected from both eyes at each visit. Two custom Multiplex assays were used by 2 operators to quantify the concentration of tear cytokines. Tear samples from subjects 1–6 were analysed using the first kit by operator 1. Tear samples from subject 7–10 plus additional tear samples from subjects 1–5, which were used to determine between-kit/operator repeatability, were analysed using the second kit by operator 2. Linear mixed models were used to determine changes in tear cytokine concentrations over time. Between-kit/operator and within-kit/operator repeatability was assessed using a Bland and Altman analysis. Results There were no significant changes in tear cytokine concentrations over a 1-week washout of CLW. More than 99% of the tear samples had detectable levels of cytokines using custom Multiplex assays. Within-kit/operator repeatability was good, but between-kit/operator repeatability was poor; likely due to protein degradation, differences in operator experience and operating procedures. Conclusion A washout period may not be necessary when evaluating changes in tear cytokines with new contact lenses or lens care products. A well-trained operator using standardized operating procedures can produce repeatable measurements using custom Multiplex assays.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Changes in Tear Cytokine Concentrations Following Discontinuation of Soft Contact Lenses—A Pilot Study

Chao

Golebiowski²,

Stapleton³

et al. 2016

Eye &Amp; Contact Lens: Science &Amp; Clinical Practice

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Non-invasive objective and contemporary methods for measuring ocular surface inflammation in soft contact lens wearers – A review

Chao

Richdale

Jalbert

et al. 2017

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

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Contact lens wear is one of the primary risk factors for the development of ocular surface inflammatory events. The purpose of this review is to examine and summarize existing knowledge on the mechanisms of contact lens related ocular surface inflammation and the evidence for the effectiveness of current objective methods to measure ocular surface inflammation. Contact lens wear is postulated to trigger an inflammatory response on the ocular surface due to mechanical, chemical, hypoxic stress, or by the introduction of microbes and their toxins. Apart from the traditional signs of inflammation, such as swelling, oedema, redness and heat, on the ocular surface, other methods to measure ocular surface inflammation in sub-clinical levels include tear inflammatory mediator concentrations, conjunctival cell morphology, and corneal epithelial dendritic cell density and morphology. Tear inflammatory mediator concentrations are up- or down-regulated during contact lens wear, with or without the presence of associated inflammatory events. There is higher conjunctival cell metaplasia observed with contact lens wear, but changes in goblet cell density are inconclusive. Dendritic cell density is seen to increase soon after initiating soft contact lens wear. The long term effects of contact lens wear on dendritic cell migration in the cornea and conjunctiva, including the lid wiper area, require further investigation. Currently patient factors, such as age, smoking, systemic diseases and genetic profile are being studied. A better understanding of these mechanisms may facilitate the development of new management options and strategies to minimize ocular surface inflammation related to contact lens wear.

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BCLA CLEAR - Contact lens wettability, cleaning, disinfection and interactions with tears

Willcox

Keir

Maseedupally

et al. 2021

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

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Contact lens materials have undergone significant changes over the past 20 years, particularly with respect to the introduction of silicone hydrogel materials. Whilst this development addressed hypoxic issues, other important areas relating to contact lens success, notably comfort, require further research.Contact lens wettability remains a crucially important part of biocompatibility. Contact lenses can be made more wettable by incorporation of surfactants into blister packs, internal wetting agents, surface treatments or care solutions. However, there remains no clear association between contact lens wettability and comfort, making it challenging to determine the potential for these approaches to be of significant clinical benefit. Most contact lenses are used on a daily wear, reusable basis, which requires them to be disinfected when not worn. The ideal disinfecting solution would also improve comfort during wear. However, balancing these requirements with other factors, including biocompatibility, remains a challenge. Soft lens materials invariably take up and subsequently release certain components of disinfecting solutions onto the ocular surface. This may affect tear film stability and the normal ocular microbiome, and further research is needed in this area to determine whether this has any affect on comfort. Finally, contact lens materials sorb components of the tear film, and these interactions are complex and may change the biochemistry of the tear film, which in turn may affect their comfort.In conclusion, the interaction between lens materials, tear film and disinfection solution plays an important role in the biocompatibility of lenses. However, the exact role and whether this can be altered to improve biocompatibility and comfort during wear remains debatable. This report summarises the best available evidence to examine this complex relationship and the opportunities for practitioners to enhance in-eye comfort of contemporary lenses, along with providing suggestions for areas of study that may provide further information on this topic.

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Tear cytokine response to multipurpose solutions for contact lenses

Cited by 16 publications

References 46 publications

Changes in Tear Cytokine Concentrations Following Discontinuation of Soft Contact Lenses—A Pilot Study

Changes in Tear Cytokine Concentrations Following Discontinuation of Soft Contact Lenses—A Pilot Study

Non-invasive objective and contemporary methods for measuring ocular surface inflammation in soft contact lens wearers – A review

BCLA CLEAR - Contact lens wettability, cleaning, disinfection and interactions with tears

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