Tear meniscus measurement in the diagnosis of dry eye

Mainstone, Julia C.; Bruce, A. J.; Golding, Timothy R.

doi:10.3109/02713689609008906

Cited by 271 publications

(196 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Tear film volume is reported to be an important contributor to a stable tear film, 47,[56][57][58][59] and in this study the positive correlations observed between NIBUT and both TMH and PRTT strengthens this theory. Mainstone et al 58 reported a significant negative correlation between tear volume and staining, whereas others found none.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

The relationship between clinical signs and dry eye symptoms

Pult

Purslow

Murphy

2011

Eye

148

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Purpose To evaluate (i) the relationship between traditional and new clinical tests (lid-wiper epitheliopathy (LWE), lid-parallel conjunctival folds (LIPCOF)) and dry eye symptoms in non-contact lens wearers, and (ii) that a combination of these tests can improve predictive ability for the development of dry eye symptoms. Methods Tear meniscus height (TMH), non-invasive break-up time (NIBUT), ocular hyperaemia, LIPCOF, phenol red thread test (PRTT), corneal and conjunctival staining, and LWE grades were observed in a cohort of 47 healthy, non-lens wearers (male ¼ 17, female ¼ 30, median age ¼ 35 years, range ¼ 19-70). Symptoms were assessed using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). Results LWE was significantly correlated to both temporal and nasal LIPCOF (0.537or o0.607, Po0.05). LIPCOF and LWE were significantly correlated to NIBUT and PRTT (r4À0.248, Po0.001). Significant correlations were found between NIBUT and TMH (r ¼ 0.461, P ¼ 0.001) and PRTT (r ¼ 0.640, Po0.001). OSDI scores were significant correlated to NIBUT, TMH, PRTT, LIPCOF, and LWE (r4|0.31|; Po0.05). Significant discriminators of OSDI þ /À were NIBUT (area under the receiver operative characteristic curve (AUC) ¼ 0.895), TMH (0.715), PRTT (0.781), LIPCOF (temporal/nasal/Sum 0.748/0.828/0.816), and LWE (0.749). Best predictive ability was achieved by combining NIBUT with nasal LIPCOF (AUC ¼ 0.944). Conclusions The individual tests NIBUT, TMH, PRTT, LIPCOF, and LWE were significantly, but moderately, related to OSDI scores. The strongest relationship appeared by combining NIBUT with nasal LIPCOF.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

The relationship between clinical signs and dry eye symptoms

Pult

Purslow

Murphy

2011

Eye

148

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“…A simple, clinical test for measuring human tear production dates back to Schirmer in 1903 [1]. As now practiced in a Schirmer tear test (STT) [2], a 0.2-mm thick paper strip (Standard Schirmer Tear Test Strip, Whatman standard filter paper # 41, Alcon Laboratories, Fort Worth, TX), 5-mm wide and 35-mm long, is folded at a notch located 5 mm from the rounded end of the strip and gently inserted into the inferior fornix (Table 1 lists pertinent properties of a standard Schirmer strip [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]). After 5 min of eye closure, or until the patient's tear fills the entire strip, the Schirmer strip is removed, and the wetted length beyond the notch is recorded [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human tear-production rate from closed-eye Schirmer-strip capillary dynamics

Telles

Dursch

et al. 2017

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspect

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“…AS-OCT has been used in various studies to evaluate tear meniscus, tear film, and tear dynamics, and also to determine the Eye correlations with conventional tests. 12,14,17,18,24,[27][28][29][30] Moreover, in several studies, the authors also reported that OCT has been good diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in the patients with non-Sjögren's aqueous tear deficiency (ADT), Sjögren's syndrome and lipid tear deficiency. 13,15,16,36 There are numerous majority of published results on measuring the tear meniscus using the conventional time domain OCT in the literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[11][12][13] Tear meniscus height (TMH), tear meniscus depth (TMD) and tear meniscus cross-sectional area (TMA) measurements by using OCT are good indicators of tear meniscus. 14 Although a variety of recent studies suggest that measurement of tear mensicus by using OCT has potential for diagnosis and monitoring in different types of dry eye, there is a paucity of research on concerning with diagnostic significance of OCT in dry eye with systemic disorders. [15][16][17] A thorough search of the literature identified no studies of OCT findings in patients with acne rosacea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is optical coherence tomography an effective device for evaluation of tear film meniscus in patients with acne rosacea?

Eroglu¹,

Karalezlı²,

Dursun³

2016

Eye

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Purpose To investigate the tear meniscus using Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) in patients with acne rosacea and to determine the relationship between tear film break-up tests (TBUT), Schirmer test and FD-OCT values and to compare them with that of healthy controls. Methods One hundred and four patients with acne rosacea and 104 body mass index age-sex-matched healthy subjects were enrolled in this prospective case-control study. Tear meniscus height (TMH), tear meniscus depth (TMD), and tear meniscus cross-sectional area (TMA) were measured using FD-OCT (RTVue-100); TBUT, Schirmer test and dry eye questionnaire (OSDI) were evaluated. Correlation was assessed using Spearman's correlation coefficient. Results Mean TMH, TMD, TMA, TBUT, and Schirmer test values of acne rosacea patients were significantly lower than and OSDI score significantly higher than those of controls. Tear mensicus values were significantly correlated with OSDI scores, TBUT, and Schirmer test results. The intraobserver intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for tear parameters ranged from 0.90 to 0.96 and interobserver ICC ranged from 0.92 to 0.94, which revealed high reproducibility for all measurements parameters both acne rosacea and control subjects. Accuracy of dry eye diagnosis by FD-OCT was 60.4% for TMH, 58.7% for TMD, and 64.8% for TMA. Conclusion Tear meniscus measurement with FD-OCT could provide acceptable specificity and sensitivity in diagnosis of dry eye in acne rosacea patients.

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Tear meniscus measurement in the diagnosis of dry eye

Abstract: This study has shown tear meniscus assessment to be a useful alternative to existing tests for dry eye.

Cited by 271 publications

References 33 publications

The relationship between clinical signs and dry eye symptoms

The relationship between clinical signs and dry eye symptoms

Human tear-production rate from closed-eye Schirmer-strip capillary dynamics

Is optical coherence tomography an effective device for evaluation of tear film meniscus in patients with acne rosacea?

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