Techniques to test cementitious systems through their life cycles

Rahman, Rehab O. Abdel; Ojovan, Michael I.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818328-1.00018-6

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Different testing and evaluation techniques are used to characterize and evaluate the important properties of cement-based materials. These techniques are used to ensure that the requirements of both of the processing properties of the paste/fresh concrete and the desired performance and degradation resistance of the hardened materials are met [114,115]. On the one hand, standardized and nonstandardized characterization techniques have been developed to qualify the raw materials (e.g., grading), the paste (e.g., rheological properties), and the hardened materials (e.g., pore structure and permeability).…”

Section: Characterization and Functional And Durability Performances ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The details of these tests are found elsewhere [114,116,117]. On the other hand, functional performance evaluation and durability tests have been developed to ensure that the hardened cement-based materials meet the functional and durability requirements, respectively.…”

Section: Characterization and Functional And Durability Performances ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are different standardized tests that have been issued to measure the pore structure and permeability of hardened cement-based materials, and there are other nonstandardized tests that have been developed and used. These tests are used to measure the porosity, specific surface area, total connected porosity, pore volume, and air and water permeability [114]. These tests include:…”

Section: Hydraulic Properties Of Hardened Permeable Concretementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Absorption tests: These include the BET and MIP, and standardized ASTM tests are available for fragmented materials: ASTM D5604-96 and ASTM D4404-18, respectively. In addition, auto-clam and Figg tests are used to measure in situ water and air permeability [114]; • Ultrasonic techniques: These can be used to determine both the permeability and compressive strength of materials [116,133];…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Permeable Concrete Barriers to Control Water Pollution: A Review

Abdel Rahman,

El-Kamash,

Hung

2023

Water

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Permeable concrete is a class of materials that has long been tested and implemented to control water pollution. Its application in low-impact development practices has proved its efficiency in mitigating some of the impacts of urbanization on the environment, including urban heat islands, attenuation of flashfloods, and reduction of transportation-related noise. Additionally, several research efforts have been directed at the dissemination of these materials for controlling pollution via their use as permeable reactive barriers, as well as their use in the treatment of waste water and water purification. This work is focused on the potential use of these materials as permeable reactive barriers to remediate ground water and treat acid mine drainage. In this respect, advances in material selection and their proportions in the mix design of conventional and innovative permeable concrete are presented. An overview of the available characterization techniques to evaluate the rheology of the paste, hydraulic, mechanical, durability, and pollutant removal performances of the hardened material are presented and their features are summarized. An overview of permeable reactive barrier technology is provided, recent research on the application of permeable concrete technology is analyzed, and gaps and recommendations for future research directions in this field are identified. The optimization of the mix design of permeable reactive concrete barriers is recommended to be directed in a way that balances the performance measures and the durability of the barrier over its service life. As these materials are proposed to control water pollution, there is a need to ensure that this practice has minimal environmental impacts on the affected environment. This can be achieved by considering the analysis of the alkaline plume attenuation in the downstream environment.

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Section: Characterization and Functional And Durability Performances ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characterization and Functional And Durability Performances ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hydraulic Properties Of Hardened Permeable Concretementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Permeable Concrete Barriers to Control Water Pollution: A Review

Abdel Rahman,

El-Kamash,

Hung

2023

Water

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Toward Sustainable Cementitious Radioactive Waste Forms: Immobilization of Problematic Operational Wastes

Rahman

Ojovan

2021

Sustainability

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Developing effective radioactive waste management practices is essential for ensuring the sustainability of the nuclear industry. The immobilization of radioactive wastes is one of the main activities conducted during the management of these wastes; it aims to produce a durable waste form that has sustainable performance over long periods of time. In this work, the challenges that face the design of durable cementitious waste forms are addressed for problematic operational wastes. In this respect, the problematic characteristics of evaporator concentrates, spent ion exchangers, and organic liquid wastes are overviewed, and the factors that affect the durability of their cementitious waste forms are identified. A summary of potential conventional and innovative cementitious matrices is presented by reviewing the cementation practices in national programs and recent research devoted to developing durable matrices. Finally, a guide to optimize the mix design of these waste forms was proposed that includes the selection of the testing procedure, factors that affect the waste form performance, and the optimization technique. This guide was presented with special focus on leaching tests, which are a means to test the stabilization performance of nuclear waste forms.

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On the Sustainable Utilization of Geopolymers for Safe Management of Radioactive Waste: A Review

et al. 2023

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The application of geopolymers for the safe management of radioactive waste has not been implemented on a large scale, where they are tirelessly examined with the purpose of facilitating the practicality and feasibility of the actual application towards the sustainable performance of these materials. This review therefore compiles the findings of the utilization of geopolymers as sorbents for removal of radio-contaminants from aqueous waste streams and as immobilization matrices for the containment of different radioactive wastes. The investigated geopolymer base materials encompass a wide range of reactive aluminosilicate precursor sources that include natural materials, industrial wastes, and chemicals. This work introduces to the reader the scientific interest in the field of geopolymer studies, their sustainability analysis, and their application in the nuclear industry, in particular in radioactive waste treatment and immobilization. The geopolymer classification, radiation stability, and structural characterizations were summarized with special reference to the characterization of the structure alteration due to the inclusion of functional materials or radioactive wastes. The effect of the application of metakaolin-based materials, fly ash-based materials and other base materials, and their blend on radio-contaminant removal from aqueous solutions and the immobilization of different problematic radioactive waste streams were reviewed and analyzed to identify the gaps in the sustainable performance of these materials. Finally, perspectives on geopolymer sustainability are presented, and the identified gaps in sustainable application included the need to investigate new areas of application, e.g., in pretreatment and membrane separation. The reusability and the regeneration of the geopolymer sorbents/exchangers need to be addressed to reduce the material footprints of this application. Moreover, there is a need to develop durability tests and standards based on the record of the application of the geopolymers.

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Techniques to test cementitious systems through their life cycles

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

Permeable Concrete Barriers to Control Water Pollution: A Review

Permeable Concrete Barriers to Control Water Pollution: A Review

Toward Sustainable Cementitious Radioactive Waste Forms: Immobilization of Problematic Operational Wastes

On the Sustainable Utilization of Geopolymers for Safe Management of Radioactive Waste: A Review

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