Techno-Economic Analysis and Feasibility Studies of Electric Vehicle Charging Station

Abstract

Recent United Nations high-level dialogue on energy, which had emphasized on energy usage and environmental protection, has renewed commitments by different countries on the adoption of electric vehicle (EVs). This paper aims to analyze the economic feasibility of establishing electrical charging stations, which is an important factor for the wide adoption of EVs, using life cycle cost analysis. Although local data have been used, the method can be easily adopted to analyze economic feasibility at different markets. The findings have revealed that an electrical charging station is only feasible when the acquisition cost is kept to a minimum to return 1.47 times the initial investment in terms of life cycle cost. An acquisition cost of BND 29,725 on the electrical charging station represents the threshold below which an electrical charging station is more attractive. In order to promote these charging stations, the government needs to provide multiple incentives, including a subsidy to reduce the acquisition cost, relaxing control on the electric selling price, taxing the establishment of conventional filling stations, and minimally reducing the profit margin on the selling price of fossil fuel. It has been shown that a 40% initial subsidy on the purchase of electrical charging stations, coupled with a slight subsidy of BND 0.018/kWh on electricity, would make electrical charging stations economically competitive. To reach its target of 60% electrification of the transportation sector, Brunei would need to implement a structure program to establish between 646 and 3300 electrical charging stations by the year 2035, to cater for its expected number of EVs.

A Novel Doubly-Green Stand-Alone Electric Vehicle Charging Station in Saudi Arabia: An Overview and a Comprehensive Feasibility Study

“…Observation of the outcome in [50] shows that a system with 4 EVCSs, 1 storage battery for 8 hr of working and a system with 4 EVCSs, 1 battery system, and 1 PV panel for 8 hr of working are economically feasible (with regard to the net present, IRR and the discounted PP values). The establishment of electric CSs considering the financial viability is studied by Danial and Azis [53]. Their results indicate that an electric CS is only viable when the acquisition cost is maintained at the lowest to return 1.47 times the initial investment with regard to the life-cycle cost.…”

Life Cycle Costing Pada Stasiun Pengisian Kendaraan Listrik Umum Tipe Hybrid

“…Pada pengembangan charging station dibutuhkan inovasi-inovasi teknologi agar dapat memperoleh sumber energi yang hemat biaya, berkelanjutan dan ramah lingkungan [9]. Di negara Indonesia yang memiliki iklim tropis, para peneliti telah mengkaji dan mengeksplorasi penggunaan energi surya, karena letak geografis yang strategis dengan banyak paparan sinar matahari [10]. Energi surya merupakan sumber energi alternatif, disamping itu sebagai sumber energi baru terbarukan yang bersih dan ramah lingkungan [11].…”

“…Biaya siklus hidup (Life Cycle Cost) adalah merupakan biaya teknologi pada charging station mulai dari proses pembuatan sampai pada pemakaian perangkat tersebut [10]. Karena adanya peningkatan penggunaan kendaraan listrik, menjadi penting untuk menentukan total biaya yang terkait infratsruktur pendukung yaitu charging station dengan seluruh siklus hidup charging station kendaraan listrik yang akan membantu pemangku kepentingan dan investor dalam proses pengambilan keputusan.…”

“…Biaya perawatan adalah biaya pemeliharaan charging station setiap tahun. Besar biaya pendapatan berdasarkan jumlah dan kapasitas serta harga jual listrik [10]. Adapun instrument untuk menghitung biaya siklus hidup charging station dapat dilihat pada Rumus 1 [14] : Total Life Cycle Costing = Biaya pembangunan hybrid charging station + Biaya pengoperasian untuk tahun tertentu + Biaya pemeliharaan (terjadwal & tidak terjadwal) + Biaya pembuangan hybrid charging station………………………………….……………..(1)…”

Modeling the Impact of Different Policies on Electric Vehicle Adoption: An Investigative Study

“…J. 2024, 15, 52 2 of 22 A remarkable endeavor aimed at mitigating environmental impacts within the transportation sector involves the promotion of Electric Vehicles (EVs), leading to extensive research into various facets of EV technology [7][8][9]. The adoption of EVs has steadily risen.…”