Technological Requirements and Challenges in Wireless Body Area Networks for Health Monitoring: A Comprehensive Survey

Zhong, Lisha; He, Songnian; Lin, Jingzhao; Jia, Wei; Li, Xi; Pang, Yu; Li, Zhangyong

doi:10.3390/s22093539

Cited by 36 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…A data scheduling approach for monitoring inter-Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) systems was developed in [18] to meet the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements in Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) networks. The authors proposed using a critical delay parameter to prioritize and group packets into an aggregated frame for transmission to the medical server.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 6 illustrates the mean slowdown of delay-tolerant short packets under the EDF, Priority EDF and PS scheduling schemes, where short packets have sizes of less than or equal to x s = 75 Kilobytes. To obtain this figure, expressions (12), (14) and (18) were used. It can be observed that, at both low system load values of 𝜌 = 0.5 and high system loads of 𝜌 = 0.9, the PS scheme outperforms the EDF and Priority EDF schemes for delay-tolerant short packets.…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Mean Slowdown Of Packet Sizes For Delay To...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Delay and size‐dependent priority‐aware scheduling for IoT‐based healthcare traffic using heterogeneous multi‐server priority queueing system

Asingwire,

Sibomana,

Ngenzi

et al. 2023

IET Communications

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Internet of Things (IoT) based healthcare applications are time‐sensitive and any delay can cause alarming situations, including death of patients. The Earliest Deadline First (EDF) scheduling scheme has been proposed for use in IoT‐based healthcare applications. However, the EDF scheme performs poorly under overloaded conditions due to giving highest priority to packets that are close to missing their deadlines. Some studies have proposed the use of Priority EDF to overcome the challenges of EDF; however, Priority EDF still favours higher priority queues which increases the waiting times of lower priority queues. In order to overcome the limitation of EDF and its variants, this paper proposes a system model for a prioritized scheduling (PS) scheme. The PS scheme is an improvement of the Earliest Deadline First (EDF) scheme and its variants for IoT‐based healthcare applications. The PS scheme uses a heterogeneous multi‐server priority queuing system to provide service differentiation by prioritizing short packets over large packets and delay sensitive packets are serviced before delay tolerant packets. Numerical results demonstrate that the PS scheme minimizes the mean slowdown for both delay sensitive short and large packets at low and high load values. Additionally, the PS scheme performs better than the EDF and Priority EDF schemes in terms of reducing mean slowdown of packets and the PS scheme performs better than the EDF in terms of throughput for all packet sizes at both low and high load values. The performance improvement in terms of throughput is more pronounced at high load values. This addresses the challenge of the EDF scheme which performs poorly under overloaded conditions and the challenge of the Priority EDF scheme which favours higher priority queues at the expense of low priority queues.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evaluation Of the Mean Slowdown Of Packet Sizes For Delay To...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Delay and size‐dependent priority‐aware scheduling for IoT‐based healthcare traffic using heterogeneous multi‐server priority queueing system

Asingwire,

Sibomana,

Ngenzi

et al. 2023

IET Communications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although the need of energy conservation after implementing security was addressed in this study piece, full energy conservation strategies were not offered. The needs and difficulties of the WBAN were thoroughly and in‐depth investigated by the researchers in Reference 19. They started by thoroughly examining WBAN applications before concentrating on the WBAN's criteria and difficulties.…”

Section: Related Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

IoT‐based energy efficient and longer lifetime compression approach for healthcare applications

Dewan

Ahmad

Rana

et al. 2023

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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A wireless body area networks (WBANs) is made up of tiny representations of the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), which may be executed in the body or worn externally. Today, Internet of Things (IoT) has made it feasible to evaluate healthcare. The IoMT sends the patient's condition to the health center through the Internet rather than keeping them in the hospital all the time for therapy. IoT offers wireless connectivity between virtually anything and smart devices on one side. Data must be transferred to a doctor or other practitioner within the allotted time since this network works with medical and critical circumstances; this shows that routing is the most important problem. Routing is therefore viewed as a very significant difficulty in WBANs. The simulation findings show that, for the WBAN under consideration, the IoT‐based stable increased‐throughput multi‐hop protocol for link efficiency protocol has better throughput, end‐to‐end delay, and propagation delay compared to adaptive threshold‐based thermal‐aware energy‐efficient multi‐hop protocol. Higher packet delivery to the sink is a result of longer stability periods, which is very desirable for ongoing patient monitoring during the COVID‐19 pandemic. This research also identifies potential paths for the development of WBANs of the next generation and suggests ways to boost the selected communication systems' productivity in WBAN solutions for health monitoring.

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“…WBANs can be categorized into three tiers of level communication: Intra-WBAN, inter-WBAN, and beyond-WBAN communications [5]. Tier-1 is intra-WBAN communication, consisting of a set of sensors placed on or implanted into the human body.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering and Routing for Wearable IoT Enabled Wireless Body Area Networks

2023

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Recently, the wearable internet of things (WIoT) has brought a new dimension of connectivity to wireless body area networks (WBANs). For instance, the WIoT provides valuable functions, such as collecting, analyzing, and transmitting data for real-time health monitoring of medical services. However, designing a clustering and routing protocol is challenging because WIoT attributes are subject to high interference in dense deployment, social mobility, and limited energy. In a WIoT-enabled WBAN, cooperative control is the fundamental function of clustering and routing. Cluster-based routing protocols are preferred for WBAN because of their scalability. However, one-hop neighbor-based clustering approaches do not ensure connectivity and reachability owing to node mobility. The existing two-hop-based clustering protocols are mostly centralized-based approaches, which are unsuitable for dynamic WBANs. In this paper, we propose a distributed energy-efficient two-hop-based clustering and routing protocol (DECR) targeting WIoT-enabled WBAN. In DECR, in the cluster formation phase, each node obtains the information of its neighbor nodes within the two-hop range. We utilize the modified grey-wolf optimization algorithm for the cluster head (CH) selection and routing optimization. Node connectivity and residual energy were jointly considered when determining the CH in each cluster. We also developed an analytical model to determine the optimal number of clusters by considering intra-and inter-cluster transmission distances to reduce the overall transmission distance and number of transmissions. Finally, we proposed a routing algorithm to ensure energy-efficient packet delivery from CH to sink. Our simulation outcomes revealed that the proposed DECR significantly outperforms the existing clustering and routing protocols in various performance metrics.INDEX TERMS Wearable internet of things, clustering, two-hop range, distributed, cluster head, energyefficiency, grey wolf optimization, routing, wireless body area network (WBAN).

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Technological Requirements and Challenges in Wireless Body Area Networks for Health Monitoring: A Comprehensive Survey

Cited by 36 publications

References 142 publications

Delay and size‐dependent priority‐aware scheduling for IoT‐based healthcare traffic using heterogeneous multi‐server priority queueing system

Delay and size‐dependent priority‐aware scheduling for IoT‐based healthcare traffic using heterogeneous multi‐server priority queueing system

IoT‐based energy efficient and longer lifetime compression approach for healthcare applications

Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering and Routing for Wearable IoT Enabled Wireless Body Area Networks

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