“…See also 19 .Figure 4US04 upper and US02 faunal spectra (on the right part of the graph) compared to other Early Aurignacian assemblages from the same region. Abei1: Les Abeilles l.1 22 ; Bra2DE & Brad2DF: Brassempouy l. 2DE & 2F 70 ; Cast: Castanet 71 ; Gat2: Gatzarria l. 2 67 ; Ist4b1 + Ist4b2: Isturitz l. 4b1 and 4b2 22 ; Pat11 + Pat12 + Pat13 + Pat1314 + Pat14: Pataud, l. 12, 13, 13–14 and 14 72,73 ; PiaF + PiaGI = Piage l. F and Gl 70 ;QuiA: La Quina Aval 74 ; RDC7: Roc de Combe l. 7 26 ; Bat3: Les Battuts l. 3 75 ; Fer12:La Ferrassie l.12 68 ; Fonta2 + Fonta3: Fontaury l. 2 and 3 67 ; Roi3: Les Roi l.3 76 ; Trou1: Trou de la Chèvre l.1 77 ; AbChB:Abri du Chasseur 78 . See also 19 .Figure 5Shannon diversity index distribution for the different techno-complexes (see SI2 for details).…”
The transition from Middle to Upper Paleolithic is a major biological and cultural threshold in the construction of our common humanity. Technological and behavioral changes happened simultaneously to a major climatic cooling, which reached its acme with the Heinrich 4 event, forcing the human populations to develop new strategies for the exploitation of their environment. The recent fieldwork at Les Cottés (France) transitional site offers a good opportunity to document subsistence strategies for this period and to provide for the first time high-resolution insights on its evolution. We present the results of the complete zooarchaeological and taphonomic analysis of the transitional sequence, associated with a large regional synthesis of the subsistence strategy evolution during the Middle to Upper Paleolithic. We conclude that, while there is no major change in the hunting strategies, the butchery activities evolved in strict correlation with the development of range weapons. In addition, the demise of carnivore seems to be a consequence of the human pressure on the environment. Our study demonstrates how the faunal component of the environment became a structuring element of the human social organization, being at the base of future cultural evolutions.
“…See also 19 .Figure 4US04 upper and US02 faunal spectra (on the right part of the graph) compared to other Early Aurignacian assemblages from the same region. Abei1: Les Abeilles l.1 22 ; Bra2DE & Brad2DF: Brassempouy l. 2DE & 2F 70 ; Cast: Castanet 71 ; Gat2: Gatzarria l. 2 67 ; Ist4b1 + Ist4b2: Isturitz l. 4b1 and 4b2 22 ; Pat11 + Pat12 + Pat13 + Pat1314 + Pat14: Pataud, l. 12, 13, 13–14 and 14 72,73 ; PiaF + PiaGI = Piage l. F and Gl 70 ;QuiA: La Quina Aval 74 ; RDC7: Roc de Combe l. 7 26 ; Bat3: Les Battuts l. 3 75 ; Fer12:La Ferrassie l.12 68 ; Fonta2 + Fonta3: Fontaury l. 2 and 3 67 ; Roi3: Les Roi l.3 76 ; Trou1: Trou de la Chèvre l.1 77 ; AbChB:Abri du Chasseur 78 . See also 19 .Figure 5Shannon diversity index distribution for the different techno-complexes (see SI2 for details).…”
The transition from Middle to Upper Paleolithic is a major biological and cultural threshold in the construction of our common humanity. Technological and behavioral changes happened simultaneously to a major climatic cooling, which reached its acme with the Heinrich 4 event, forcing the human populations to develop new strategies for the exploitation of their environment. The recent fieldwork at Les Cottés (France) transitional site offers a good opportunity to document subsistence strategies for this period and to provide for the first time high-resolution insights on its evolution. We present the results of the complete zooarchaeological and taphonomic analysis of the transitional sequence, associated with a large regional synthesis of the subsistence strategy evolution during the Middle to Upper Paleolithic. We conclude that, while there is no major change in the hunting strategies, the butchery activities evolved in strict correlation with the development of range weapons. In addition, the demise of carnivore seems to be a consequence of the human pressure on the environment. Our study demonstrates how the faunal component of the environment became a structuring element of the human social organization, being at the base of future cultural evolutions.
“…Use of fire has been recognized for a long time as a key innovation in the development of human groups, as a multisource technological improvement (e.g. Bellomo, 1994; Bonifay, 1976; Bosinski, 1996; Carmody and Wrangham, 2009; Chazan, 2017; Gowlett et al, 1981; James, 1989; Lumley, 1966; Perlés, 1976, 1989; Roussel, 2005; Villa et al, 2002; White et al, 2017; Wrangham, 2017). Fuel wastes recovered from archeological sites are the direct evidence of the fire use in society economies of the past.…”
Use of fire has been recognized for a long time as a key innovation in the development of human groups, as a multisource technological improvement. Fuel wastes recovered from archeological sites are the direct evidence of the fire use in society economies of the past. In the process of production and use of fire, diverse parameters exist that intervene and influence in its development. In order to obtain data relative to vegetal composition from early to late Holocene and its exploitation by societies characterized by high residential mobility, we carried on an charcoal and wood analysis in archeological sites Cerro Casa de Piedra 7 (10,690 ± 120-3400 BP) and Cerro Casa de Piedra 5 (6780 ± 110-2805 ± 105 BP) (province of Santa Cruz, Argentina). The results obtained evidence a drastic reduction of taxa used as fuel among occupations corresponding to early Holocene and late Holocene. Throughout all the levels we verified the intense use of tree species for combustion, while bushes were also collected but in much lower overall percentages. Nothofagus pumilio is the species with the highest representation. These results allowed to identify acting modes that refer to acquisition strategies of woody material oriented toward on the collection of great caliber wood.
“…Hearths, for example, are well-documented in cave contexts (e.g. Barandiarán et al 1985;Straus & Clark 1986;Freeman 1988;Freeman et al 1988;Utrilla et al 2003;Nakazawa et al 2009;White et al 2017). Evidence for other types of structures is less widespread, but examples include possible ritual spaces at the Cantabrian sites of El Juyo and La Garma (e.g.…”
Documenting the intentional structuring of space by hunter-gatherers can be challenging, especially in complex cave contexts. One approach is the spatial analysis of discard patterns. Here, the authors consider the spatial distribution of faunal remains from the Lower Magdalenian Level 115 in El Mirón Cave, Cantabria, to assess a possible structuring function for an unusual alignment of rocks. Although it is impossible to determine whether the alignment was intentionally constructed, differences in the distributions of taxa and in specimen sizes on different sides of this feature suggest that it played a role in structuring the living space of the cave's inhabitants.
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