Technology transfer mechanism and its implementation in the innovation process

Abstract

Problem setting. Since there are several types of mechanism depending on the direction of innovation activity, it is quite fair that today the category of “legal mechanism” and, in particular, “economic and legal mechanism”, “economic and organizational mechanism” is of interest not only. Target of research. The goal of the research is to outline the conceptual mechanism of technology transfer, where one of the most important factors that have the greatest impact on the functionality, that is the crushing force is the potential of development as an object of commercialization and implementation of ready-to-use technology on the professional market. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Eglė Štareikė analyzed the organizational mechanism through an approach to the system of complex control of an open system of socio-economic integration. Boichuk R. P. uses legal mechanisms to ensure the proper implementation of subjective rights and legitimate interests of economic subjects defined by the Constitution and laws of Ukraine. Tereshkina N. E. insists on the existence of normative-legal and regulatory mechanisms in the innovation sphere. Article’s main body. The author points out that the structure of the technology transfer mechanism includes the following elements: the object; the center; the subjects; a set of methods and techniques as tools of analytical, research nature and tools for implementing intentions and plans; the conditions that determine the limitations and requirements for obtaining the target result; the stages An exclusive feature of the organizational and economic mechanism are the subjects and their actions. Entities that create and / or use technologies and / or their components and which own or transfer property rights to use intellectual property rights that are part of technology and individuals who are directly involved in the creation, transfer and use technologies and / or their components, provide the necessary information, financial and other services at all stages of promotion of technologies and / or their components on the market perform certain actions that lead to a certain result at each stage of technology transfer. It was revealed that the stages of technology transfer mechanism consist of stages, which are implemented through processes and end with the compilation of specific documentation. Singling out the individual stages and determining the content of the stages, the processes of each stage is essential for understanding the innovation process. In particular, the following stages: the choice and preliminary assessment of technology; establishment of an assessment of the chosen technology involves the following processes; conducting research to identify a calculation of the assessment of the potential of the development as an object of commercialization and promotion of ready-to-use technology in the core market; cooperation with consumers of technology. Conclusions and prospects for the development. The economic-legal mechanism of technology transfer is considered as a complex inter-branch legal institute that combines the norms of law of different branches (financial, tax, civil, economic law, etc.) and is aimed at systemic legal regulation of social relations in the field of technology transfer on the basis of coordination of legal and economic interests of society. The peculiarity of the structure of this mechanism is that its composition combines both economic regulators and legal factors, the aggregate of which is reduced to the interaction of organizational-economic and legal components. The efficiency of the economic-legal mechanism of technology transfer depends not only on the legal regulation, but also on the coordinated and clear interaction of all its elements and, above all, the actions of the subjects of technology transfer.

Devising an economic-legal approach to the viability of innovative technology transfer in the process of its commercialization

“…In terms of the chosen direction of research, the comprehensive approach presented by the authors of [14] deserves attention, according to which the useful result or economic effect of TT is proposed to be considered as part of innovative activity through the organizational and economic mechanism of TT. In it, activity processes are connected to each other, creating such a chain: a) the purpose is to transfer know-how, new technologies, technological equipment, and scientific and technical knowledge from the owner to the customer; b) process -selection, assessment, and implementation of technology promotion; c) the result is the promotion of the technology to the specialized market.…”

“…The definition of the life cycle of technology is considered as a production cycle during which the enterprise can make a profit when applying the technology, that is, a time frame of a legal nature that is combined with an economic one. Other scientists believe that the life cycle of technologies reflects the idealized process of its development in relation to the results of use [13,14]. It follows an S-shaped curve, from which it is clear that any technology gradually becomes obsolete, and its effectiveness decreases over time; it is a set of stages from the birth of technological innovations to its destruction [13,19].…”