Tectonic and sedimentary response to subduction and incipient continental collision in southern Cyprus, easternmost Mediterranean region

Kinnaird, Tim; Robertson, Alastair H.F.

doi:10.1144/sp372.10

Cited by 34 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Trifonov et al (2011) have resolved both the LMMP and the present phase of deformation from earlier motions and have summarised the evidence distinguishing each of these phases for the DSFZ and other localities within the Arabian Plate. Kinnaird and Robertson (2013) have subsequently recognised a phase of crustal deformation in Cyprus that spanned the latter part of the Messinian and the Early Pliocene, with a deformation sense that was distinct from the phases occurring both before and after, apparently the local equivalent of the LMMP phase recognized elsewhere.…”

Section: Chronology Of Phases Of Crustal Deformationmentioning

confidence: 97%

The kinematics of central-southern Turkey and northwest Syria revisited

et al. 2014

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Central-southern Turkey, NW Syria, and adjacent offshore areas in the NE Mediterranean region form the boundary zone between the Turkish, African and Arabian plates. A great deal of new information has emerged in recent years regarding senses and rates of active crustal deformation in this region, but this material has not hitherto been well integrated, so the interpretations of key localities by different teams remain contradictory. We have reviewed and synthesized this evidence, combining it with new investigations targeted at key areas of uncertainty. This work has led to the inference of previously unrecognized active faults and has clarified the roles of other structures within the framework of plate motions provided by GPS studies. Roughly one third of the relative motion between the Turkish and Arabian plates is accommodated on the Misis-Kyrenia Fault Zone, which links to the study region from the Kyrenia mountain range of northern Cyprus. Much of this motion passes NNE then eastward around the northern limit of the Amanos Mountains, as previously thought, but some of it splays northeastward to link into newly-recognised normal faulting within the Amanos Mountains. The remaining two thirds of the relative motion is accommodated along the Karasu Valley; some of this component steps leftward across the Amik Basin before passing southward onto the northern Dead Sea Fault Zone (DSFZ) but much of it continues southwestward, past the city of Antakya, then into offshore structures, ultimately linking Central-southern Turkey and northwest Syria; Page 2; 30/12/2013 to the subduction zone bounding the Turkish and African plates to the southwest of Cyprus.However, some of this offshore motion continues southward, west of the Syrian coast, before linking onshore into the southern DSFZ; this component of the relative motion is indeed the main reason why the slip rate on the northern DSFZ, measured geodetically, is so much lower than that on its southern counterpart. In some parts of this region, notably in the Karasu Valley, it is now clear how the expected relative plate motion has been accommodated on active faults during much of the Quaternary: rather than constant slip rates on individual faults, quite complex changes in the partitioning of this motion on timescales of hundreds of thousands of years are indicated. However, in other parts of the region it remains unclear whether additional major active faults remain unrecognised or whether significant relative motions are accommodated by distributed deformation or on the many smaller-scale structures present. Highlights

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Section: Chronology Of Phases Of Crustal Deformationmentioning

confidence: 97%

The kinematics of central-southern Turkey and northwest Syria revisited

et al. 2014

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“…In the Kato Moni area, the limestones overlying the bentonite are from the Pakhna Formation and comprise of chalks and reef limestones [26]. The Pakhna Upper Miocene (Koronia Member) represents the second phase of reef growth on Cyprus.…”

Section: Geological Setting Of the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Long-Term Behaviour of the Industrial Bentonites Employed in a Repository for Radioactive Wastes by Studying Natural Bentonites in the Field

Alexander¹,

Reijonen

MacKinnon

et al. 2017

Geosciences

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Bentonite makes an important contribution to the performance of the engineered barriers in most radioactive waste repository designs. The choice of bentonite results from its favourable properties for waste isolation and its stability in relevant geological environments. However, the longevity of bentonite (especially the resistance to waste container sinking) has been little studied. Modelling results suggest significant bentonite deformation and associated canister sinking is unlikely and, here, long-term natural system data are used as a reality check on model predictions. Results indicate that bentonite from the investigated site shows no significant deviation in bulk physical parameters from repository bentonite. However, micro-scale shear planes can be seen throughout the sampled cores. The presence of multi-directional S- and C-type shears suggests they originate from loading from the overlying limestone, not gravitational tectonics. The plastic limits and angles of shearing resistance for natural and repository bentonites suggest both are susceptible to shearing. The impact of bentonite shear under load could be minimised by appropriate design, but existing lower activity waste container designs do not consider the potentially high external stresses from the bentonite backfill and this should be addressed in future.

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“…Previous work has documented the uplift of the Troodos Massif in the south of Cyprus, which climaxed during the Pleistocene (Gass 1960;De Vaumas 1961;Poole et al 1990;Poole & Robertson 1991Robertson & Xenophontos 1993;Kinnaird et al 2011;Kinnaird & Robertson 2013;Main et al 2016). The Troodos Massif is a Late Cretaceous ophiolite (subaerially exposed oceanic crust), overlain by Late Cretaceous to Recent deep-marine to shallowmarine and non-marine sediments.…”

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confidence: 99%

Quantitative dating of Pleistocene deposits of the Kyrenia Range, northern Cyprus: implications for timing, rates of uplift and driving mechanisms

Palamakumbura

Robertson

Kinnaird

et al. 2016

JGS

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The Kyrenia Range underwent tectonically driven uplift during the Pliocene to Pleistocene in response to the interaction of various tectonic processes. To understand the tectonic processes driving the uplift and how this is related to uplift of other areas of the Eastern Mediterranean, uranium-series disequilibrium and optically stimulated luminescence dating were applied to marine and non-marine terrace deposits exposed on the northern flank of the range. Palaeomagnetism and strontium isotope dating were used in conjunction to date the final stages of the marine environment adjacent to the Kyrenia Range prior to major surface uplift. Uplift rates range from >1.2 mm a −1 , inferred during the Early Pleistocene, to <0.2 mm a −1 during the Late Pleistocene. The new data show that the Kyrenia Range was uplifted contemporaneously with the Troodos Massif in southern Cyprus. The uplift of the Kyrenia Range appears to have been significantly faster than that affecting other comparable regions in the easternmost Mediterranean during the Pleistocene (e.g. Lebanon coast; southern Anatolian plateau). The driving mechanism for the uplift of both the Kyrenia Range and the Troodos Massif is inferred to be the collision of the Eratosthenes Seamount with the Cyprus trench to the south of Cyprus.Supplementary material: Details of the methods used are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3260977.

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Tectonic and sedimentary response to subduction and incipient continental collision in southern Cyprus, easternmost Mediterranean region

Cited by 34 publications

References 81 publications

The kinematics of central-southern Turkey and northwest Syria revisited

The kinematics of central-southern Turkey and northwest Syria revisited

Assessing the Long-Term Behaviour of the Industrial Bentonites Employed in a Repository for Radioactive Wastes by Studying Natural Bentonites in the Field

Quantitative dating of Pleistocene deposits of the Kyrenia Range, northern Cyprus: implications for timing, rates of uplift and driving mechanisms

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