Telerehabilitation in Neurogenic Bladder and Bowel Dysfunction

Pelvic floor muscle training: Novel versus traditional remote rehabilitation methods—A systematic review and meta‐analysis on their effectiveness for women with urinary incontinence

“…For example, a store-and-forward telehealth service was developed by the Neuro-urology Service, Spinal Unit, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, based on an online questionnaire and the exchange of patients' clinical documentation. 2,3 To avoid operator-dependent bias, increase coherence with patients' real conditions, and limit medicolegal issues, the authors included questions from selfadministered international questionnaires that were validated in Italian to assess the severity of the patient's condition (e.g., ICIQ-SF). 4 The online platform was delivered as a progressive web application to limit technical problems: there was no requirement to install it, and there was automatic adaption to different systems (computers, phones, and tablets).…”