Telomeric and dispersed repeat sequences in Candida yeasts and their use in strain identification

Sadhu, Chanchal; McEachern, Michael J.; Rustchenko-Bulgac, Elena P.; Schmid, Jan; Soll, David R.; Hicks, James

doi:10.1128/jb.173.2.842-850.1991

Cited by 123 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Molecular Basis of Genome Fingerprinting with Ca3, 27A, and RPS Ca3 (Sadhu et al 1991), 27A (Scherer and Stevens 1988), and RPS (Iwaguchi et al 1992a) probes have been used as tools for epidemiological analysis of C. albicans infections. When genomic Southern blots of various strains are probed with any of these sequences, restriction fragment-length polymorphisms are found (Pujol et al 1997).…”

Section: Natural Aneuploidy In Candida Albicansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine-Resolution Physical Mapping of Genomic Diversity in Candida albicans

Chibana¹,

Beckerman²,

Magee³

2000

Genome Res.

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It has been suggested that Candida albicans, a diploid asexual fungus, achieves genetic diversity by genomic rearrangement. This important human pathogen may provide a system in which to analyze alternate routes to genomic diversity. C. albicans has a highly variable karyotype; its chromosomes contain a middle repeated DNA sequence called the Major Repeat Sequence (MRS), composed of subrepeats HOK, RPS, and RB2. RPS is tandemly repeated while the other subrepeats occur once in each MRS. Chromosome 7, the smallest of the eight chromosomes, has been previously mapped. The complete physical map of this chromosome was used to analyze chromosome 7 diversity in six strains, including two well-characterized laboratory strains (1006 and WO-1) and four clinical ones. We found four types of events to explain the genomic diversity: 1) Chromosome length polymorphism (CLP) results from expansion and contraction of the RPS; 2) reciprocal translocation occurs at the MRS loci; 3) chromosomal deletion; and (4) trisomy of individual chromosomes. These four phenomena play an important role in generating genomic diversity in C. albicans.

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Section: Natural Aneuploidy In Candida Albicansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine-Resolution Physical Mapping of Genomic Diversity in Candida albicans

Chibana¹,

Beckerman²,

Magee³

2000

Genome Res.

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“…Southern blot hybridization of total cellular DNA from the mutants and their parental strains with the C. albicans-specific mid-repeat sequence Ca3 (Sadhu et al, 1991) was performed. Genomic DNA was digested with EcoRI (New England Biolabs).…”

Section: Isolation Of Colony Form Mutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mutants and their putative parents were analysed by Southern blot hybridization of total cellular DNA with the C. albicans-specific mid-repeat sequence Ca3 (Sadhu et at., 1991). The results established that the germinationdeficient mutants had arisen from the parents indicated in Table 1 (data not shown).…”

Section: Establishment Of the Identity Of Clinical Isolates And The Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple chromosomal and phenotypic changes in spontaneous mutants of Candida albicans

Rustchenko-Bulgac

Howard²

1993

Journal of General Microbiology

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Previous studies have revealed the occurrence of multiple chromosomal alterations among spontaneous colony form mutants and clinical isolates of Candida albicans. In this report we show that such karyotype alterations are also seen in spontaneous and induced non-germinative mutants of the fungus. To determine if phenotypic changes other than colony form and microscopic morphology accompanied the rearrangements of the electrophoretic karyotype, we studied the following characteristics of the non-germinative and some of the colony form mutants : formation of pseudohyphae, chlamydospore production, germ tube formation, colony morphology, auxotrophy, growth at various temperatures, and colony morphology and pigment formation on selected media (bismuth sulphite and Phloxine B). We established that phenotypic and karyotypic variability among spontaneous, non-germinative mutants was no different than such variability among spontaneous colony form mutants. Thus, non-germination may represent another phenotypic consequence of genomic instability in C. albicans. The variability in different phenotypic attributes that occurred amongst the mutants was not associated with any given karyotype. Moreover, neither the low nor the high phenotypic variabilities observed were explained by the relatively high number of alterations in a limited number of chromosomes.

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“…Thus, we named the 5259 bp fragment, the sequence in which the RPS portion was excluded from the 6 kbp fragment, as HOK. A homology search using the FASTA program revealed a high degree of homology with the B fragment of Ca3, which has frequently been used as a molecular epidemiological probe (Sadhu et al, 1991;Anderson et al, 1993). Most of the B fragment was included in HOK.…”

Section: Sequencing Analysis and A New Conserved Sequence Hokmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Ca3 molecular epidemiological probe developed by D. R. Soll's group (Sadhu et al, 1991) contains both the RPS-and the HOK-related sequences. We have confirmed that the hybridization patterns of the RPS and of HOK are different from each other (Figs 1 and 2).…”

Section: Conservation Of Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Repetitive sequences (RPSs) in the chromosomes of Candida albicans are sandwiched between two novel stretches, HOK and RB2, common to each chromosome

et al. 1998

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A novel sequence designated HOK, which is next to the RPS, a repetitive sequence specific to Candida albicans, was cloned and sequenced. HOK hybridized with all of the chromosomes on which the RPSs were located, but did not hybridize with chromosome 3, which does not harbour any RPSs. Sequence determination revealed that a portion of HOK has significant homology with the B and C l fragments of Ca3, which is used as a molecular epidemiological probe. A homology search of the deduced amino acids of HOK against the protein database showed partial homology with an isocitrate dehydrogenase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, although an ORF large enough to encode the enzyme was not detected. To verify the existence of other sequences homologous with HOK, a portion of the HOK sequence was amplified using PCR. Sequence determination of the 41 clones from the PCR products resulted in a t least six HOK-homologous clones. Another RPScontaining clone, RB2, was isolated from the Pstl-digested chromosome R or 1. It was determined that RB2a, one of the subclones from RB2, hybridized with all of the chromosomes, including chromosome 3, with which neither HOK nor RPS hybridized. The hybridization profile also showed that RPS is located between HOK and RB2a on chromosomes other than chromosome 3.

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Telomeric and dispersed repeat sequences in Candida yeasts and their use in strain identification

Cited by 123 publications

References 45 publications

Fine-Resolution Physical Mapping of Genomic Diversity in Candida albicans

Fine-Resolution Physical Mapping of Genomic Diversity in Candida albicans

Multiple chromosomal and phenotypic changes in spontaneous mutants of Candida albicans

Repetitive sequences (RPSs) in the chromosomes of Candida albicans are sandwiched between two novel stretches, HOK and RB2, common to each chromosome

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