Temperature affects transition timing and phenotype between key developmental stages in white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus yolk-sac larvae

Jay, Kathleen J.; Crossman, James A.; Scribner, Kim T.

doi:10.1007/s10641-020-01007-1

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Note that this design allowed for equal representation of all families across all developmental temperatures. To allow for appropriate comparisons of developmental rates between treatments, accumulated thermal units (ATU) were calculated (dpf × T°C) throughout the experiment ( Rombough, 1985 ; Jay et al ., 2020 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of upper thermal thresholds during development in the endangered Nechako white sturgeon with management implications for a regulated river

Earhart

Blanchard

Morrison

et al. 2023

Conservation Physiology

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Climate change-induced warming effects are already evident in river ecosystems, and projected increases in temperature will continue to amplify stress on fish communities. In addition, many rivers globally are impacted by dams, which have many negative effects on fishes by altering flow, blocking fish passage, and changing sediment composition. However, in some systems, dams present an opportunity to manage river temperature through regulated releases of cooler water. For example, there is a government mandate for Kenney dam operators in the Nechako river, British Columbia, Canada, to maintain river temperature <20°C in July and August to protect migrating sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka). However, there is another endangered fish species inhabiting the same river, Nechako white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus), and it is unclear if these current temperature regulations, or timing of the regulations, are suitable for spawning and developing sturgeon. In this study, we aimed to identify upper thermal thresholds in white sturgeon embryos and larvae to investigate if exposure to current river temperatures are playing a role in recruitment failure. We incubated embryos and yolk-sac larvae in three environmentally relevant temperatures (14, 18 and 21°C) throughout development to identify thermal thresholds across different levels of biological organization. Our results demonstrate upper thermal thresholds at 21°C across physiological measurements in embryo and yolk-sac larvae white sturgeon. Before hatch, both embryo survival and metabolic rate were reduced at 21°C. After hatch, sublethal consequences continued at 21°C because larval sturgeon had decreased thermal plasticity and a dampened transcriptional response during development. In recent years, the Nechako river has reached 21°C by the end of June, and at this temperature, a decrease in sturgeon performance is evident in most of the traits measured. As such, the thermal thresholds identified here suggest current temperature regulations may not be suitable for developing white sturgeon and future recruitment.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of upper thermal thresholds during development in the endangered Nechako white sturgeon with management implications for a regulated river

Earhart

Blanchard

Morrison

et al. 2023

Conservation Physiology

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“…For example, Boucher et al (2014) found that emergence occurred about 2 days prior to melanin plug expulsion and the initiation of feeding. Examples from field studies also detect larvae drifting prior to the initiation of feeding (Krieger & Diana, 2017) and in some cases most drifting larvae still have yolksacs (Reihart, 2016; indicative of undeveloped stomachs), whereas our identification of a mean drift age of approximately 13 dph is 2 days later than the expected initiation of feeding of 11 dph (which is based on the observation of melanin plug expulsion and thermal relationship of developmental stages identified in Jay et al, 2020). Additionally, our detection of a large proportion of non-drifting larvae supports findings from benthic sampling in the Nechako River (McAdam, 2012) indicating that larval drift may be absent or delayed under some conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…On the day of hatch, yolksac larvae were non-selectively sampled from the rearing aquaria to populate the raceways. The initiation timing of feeding was chosen to coincide with developmental milestones that may influence drift: olfactory development and initiation of exogenous feeding for larvae that develop at 14 • C (Dettlaff et al, 1993;Jay et al, 2020). Food rations were calculated using methods described in Rodgers et al (2018).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotic influences on drift behaviour of larval white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus)

Coulter,

McAdam,

Richardson

2023

Aquaculture Fish & Fisheries

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Drift by larval white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) results in an ontological habitat shift during early life that may be influenced by changes in the trade‐off between mortality risk and growth potential. Despite the importance of early life history to recruitment and conservation, for many species, including white sturgeon, we have a limited understanding of the mechanistic drivers of drift. We tested if two biotic factors, conspecific density and timing of food availability during the yolksac larvae stage, influenced the timing of drift behaviour. We evaluated larval drift timing for yolksac larvae reared in laboratory mesocosms at two densities (10 or 20 larvae) and three feeding initiation times (before exogenous feeding, at the initiation of exogenous feeding, or starvation). We found that drift occurred at 13 days post‐hatch (dph) overall, 2 days after the shift from the yolksac stage to the feeding stage (11 dph at 14°C). The timing of food availability in the fed treatments did not affect the timing of larval drift, nor did the density of conspecifics. Starvation delayed drift timing by 2 days, to15 dph. This delay of drift from a habitat with no food availability may disadvantage starving larvae and reduce growth potential.

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“…Water temperature influences developmental rate, hatching success, survival, growth and yolk utilisation of early life stages of sturgeon species (Dettlaff et al, 1993; Hardy & Litvak, 2004; Jay et al, 2020; Kappenman et al, 2013; Kim et al, 2018; Miller et al, 2016; Mrnak et al, 2020; Van Eenennaam et al, 2005; Wang et al, 1985). As development and growth of early life stages are influenced by water temperature, the number of days required to reach developmental milestones is likely to vary considerably depending on water temperature (Dettlaff et al, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogenetic development of pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) and shovelnose sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus platorynchus) from hatch through yolk absorption

Chojnacki

Dodson

George

et al. 2022

Ecology of Freshwater Fish

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The shovelnose sturgeon, Scaphirhynchus platorynchus Rafinesque, 1820, is native to rivers of the Mississippi River drainage of the central United States (Phelps et al., 2016). The closely related pallid sturgeon, S. albus Forbes and Richardson, 1905, is sympatric with the more common shovelnose sturgeon but is generally limited to the turbid, main-stem and lower portions of large tributaries to the Yellowstone River, Missouri River and Mississippi River from near the confluence of the Missouri River downstream to the Gulf of Mexico

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Temperature affects transition timing and phenotype between key developmental stages in white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus yolk-sac larvae

Cited by 11 publications

References 54 publications

Identification of upper thermal thresholds during development in the endangered Nechako white sturgeon with management implications for a regulated river

Identification of upper thermal thresholds during development in the endangered Nechako white sturgeon with management implications for a regulated river

Biotic influences on drift behaviour of larval white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus)

Ontogenetic development of pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) and shovelnose sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus platorynchus) from hatch through yolk absorption

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