Temperature and length-dependent modulation of the MH class IIβ gene expression in brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) by a cis-acting minisatellite

Croisetière, Sébastien; Bernatchez, Louis; Belhumeur, Pierre

doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2009.12.012

Cited by 22 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…In a study of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ), fish were exposed to low temperatures (2°C), resulting in a down-regulation of MHC class II genes expression compared to fish kept at 12–13°C [62]. Temperature dependent expression of MHC class II genes was also found for brook charr ( Salvelinus fontinalis ) [63]. Furthermore the study revealed that a temperature sensitive minisatellite plays a role in the expression of the MHCIIβ (the gene encoding the β chain of MHC II) transcripts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Local Adaptation at the Transcriptome Level in Brown Trout: Evidence from Early Life History Temperature Genomic Reaction Norms

et al. 2014

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Local adaptation and its underlying molecular basis has long been a key focus in evolutionary biology. There has recently been increased interest in the evolutionary role of plasticity and the molecular mechanisms underlying local adaptation. Using transcriptome analysis, we assessed differences in gene expression profiles for three brown trout (Salmo trutta) populations, one resident and two anadromous, experiencing different temperature regimes in the wild. The study was based on an F2 generation raised in a common garden setting. A previous study of the F1 generation revealed different reaction norms and significantly higher QST than FST among populations for two early life-history traits. In the present study we investigated if genomic reaction norm patterns were also present at the transcriptome level. Eggs from the three populations were incubated at two temperatures (5 and 8 degrees C) representing conditions encountered in the local environments. Global gene expression for fry at the stage of first feeding was analysed using a 32k cDNA microarray. The results revealed differences in gene expression between populations and temperatures and population × temperature interactions, the latter indicating locally adapted reaction norms. Moreover, the reaction norms paralleled those observed previously at early life-history traits. We identified 90 cDNA clones among the genes with an interaction effect that were differently expressed between the ecologically divergent populations. These included genes involved in immune- and stress response. We observed less plasticity in the resident as compared to the anadromous populations, possibly reflecting that the degree of environmental heterogeneity encountered by individuals throughout their life cycle will select for variable level of phenotypic plasticity at the transcriptome level. Our study demonstrates the usefulness of transcriptome approaches to identify genes with different temperature reaction norms. The responses observed suggest that populations may vary in their susceptibility to climate change.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Local Adaptation at the Transcriptome Level in Brown Trout: Evidence from Early Life History Temperature Genomic Reaction Norms

et al. 2014

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“…Annotation of genes in proximity to TCAST-like elements demonstrated a statistical overrepresentation of certain groups of genes, for example, those with immunoglobulin-like domains. Recently, in the fish Salvelinus fontinalis , a regulatory role of a 32-bp satellite repeat, located in an intron of the major histocompatibility complex gene (MHIIβ), on MHIIβ gene expression was demonstrated (Croisetiere et al 2010). The level of gene expression depends on temperature, as well as the number of satellite repeats, and indicates a role for temperature-sensitive satellite DNA in gene regulation of the adaptive immune response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite DNA-Like Elements Associated With Genes Within Euchromatin of the Beetle Tribolium castaneum

Brajković

Feliciello

Bruvo-Mađarić

et al. 2012

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

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In the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum the major TCAST satellite DNA accounts for 35% of the genome and encompasses the pericentromeric regions of all chromosomes. Because of the presence of transcriptional regulatory elements and transcriptional activity in these sequences, TCAST satellite DNAs also have been proposed to be modulators of gene expression within euchromatin. Here, we analyze the distribution of TCAST homologous repeats in T. castaneum euchromatin and study their association with genes as well as their potential gene regulatory role. We identified 68 arrays composed of TCAST-like elements distributed on all chromosomes. Based on sequence characteristics the arrays were composed of two types of TCAST-like elements. The first type consists of TCAST satellite-like elements in the form of partial monomers or tandemly arranged monomers, up to tetramers, whereas the second type consists of TCAST-like elements embedded with a complex unit that resembles a DNA transposon. TCAST-like elements were also found in the 5′ untranslated region (UTR) of the CR1-3_TCa retrotransposon, and therefore retrotransposition may have contributed to their dispersion throughout the genome. No significant difference in the homogenization of dispersed TCAST-like elements was found either at the level of local arrays or chromosomes nor among different chromosomes. Of 68 TCAST-like elements, 29 were located within introns, with the remaining elements flanked by genes within a 262 to 404,270 nt range. TCAST-like elements are statistically overrepresented near genes with immunoglobulin-like domains attesting to their nonrandom distribution and a possible gene regulatory role.

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“…Using a common-garden experimental protocol, they found levels of mRNA transcription for growth hormone receptor to be significantly higher when trout were reared in salt water than in fresh water (Figure 7). In a similar vein, the expression of major histocompatibility complex genes (for example, major histocompatibility complex class II genes) has been shown to change with temperature in rainbow trout (Nath et al, 2006) and brook trout (Croisetière et al, 2010). A particularly fascinating result reported by Croisetière et al (2010) is that the way in which the expression of the major histocompatibility complex class IIb gene in brook trout changes with temperature (which is approximately the elevation of the genomic reaction norm) appears to be associated with the base-pair length of an associated temperature-sensitive mini-satellite, which may be suggestive of a genomic underpinning for plasticity.…”

Section: Differences Among Populationsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Old wine in new bottles: reaction norms in salmonid fishes

2011

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Genetic variability in reaction norms reflects differences in the ability of individuals, populations and ultimately species to respond to environmental change. By increasing our understanding of how genotype Â environment interactions influence evolution, studies of genetic variation in phenotypic plasticity serve to refine our capacity to predict how populations will respond to natural and anthropogenic environmental variability, including climate change. Given the extraordinary variability in morphology, behaviour and life history in salmonids, one might anticipate the research milieu on reaction norms in these fishes to be empirically rich and intellectually engaging. Here, I undertake a review of genetic variability in continuous and discontinuous (threshold) norms of reaction in salmonid fishes, as determined primarily (but not exclusively) by common-garden experiments. Although in its infancy from a numerical publication perspective, there is taxonomically broad evidence of genetic differentiation in continuous, threshold and bivariate reaction norms among individuals, families and populations (including inter-population hybrids and backcrosses) for traits as divergent as embryonic development, age and size at maturity, and gene expression. There is compelling inferential evidence that plasticity is heritable and that population differences in reaction norms can reflect adaptive responses, by natural selection, to local environments. As a stimulus for future work, a series of 20 research questions are identified that focus on reaction-norm variability, selection, costs and constraints, demographic and conservation consequences, and genetic markers and correlates of phenotypic plasticity.

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Temperature and length-dependent modulation of the MH class IIβ gene expression in brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) by a cis-acting minisatellite

Cited by 22 publications

References 85 publications

Local Adaptation at the Transcriptome Level in Brown Trout: Evidence from Early Life History Temperature Genomic Reaction Norms

Local Adaptation at the Transcriptome Level in Brown Trout: Evidence from Early Life History Temperature Genomic Reaction Norms

Satellite DNA-Like Elements Associated With Genes Within Euchromatin of the Beetle Tribolium castaneum

Old wine in new bottles: reaction norms in salmonid fishes

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