Temperature and Osmotic Potential Effects on<i>Phialophora graminicola</i>and Other Fungi Associated with Patch Diseases of<i>Poa pratensis</i>

Smiley, Richard W.; Fowler, M. Craven; Kane, R. T.

doi:10.1094/phyto-75-1160

Cited by 8 publications

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“…Conversely, the susceptibility of 'Pennstar' to Fusarium blight was greater at the 1.9 em mowing height. Merion Kentucky bluegrass maintained at a 2.Q .. cm height was much less tolerant of M. poae (reported as P. graminicola) infection than unclipped plants in a greenhouse pot study (23).…”

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confidence: 86%

“…Although environmental and cultural stresses are generally believed to be very important factors that predispose Kentucky bluegrass to both diseases, little field research has bf:en conducted to examine these factors. For summer patch, Smiley and coworkers (22,23) showed that hilgh temperatures (29 oq greatly increased the pathogc!ns' (M. poae reported as P. graminicola) ability to grow and cause disease in-vitro and in greenhouse studies. Kackley et al (12,13) reported that summer patch was most severe in Poa spp.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In a growth chamber study, Smiley et al (23) observed more disease injury in Merion Kentucky bluegrass plants inoculated with M. poae (reported as P. graminicola) and clipped to a 2-cm height than unclipped plants. Results of this study in both 1987 and 1988, and those reported by Smiley et al (23), have shown that lower mowing increases summer patch injury.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Summer Patch and Kentucky Bluegrass Quality as Influenced by Cultural Practices

Stewart¹,

Dernoeden

1991

Agronomy Journal

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Summer patch, caused by Magnaporthe poae Landschoot and Jackson, is among the most destructive diseases of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.). While fungicides may reduce disease severity, information regarding the impact of cultural practices on this disease is unavailable. Hence, the objectives of this field investigation were to examine the effect of irrigation practice [light frequent (LF) versus deep infrequent (DI) irrigation); mowing height (3.8 versus 7.6 cm); and N source (urea, sulfur coated urea, ammonium chloride and sodium nitrate) on summer patch incidence and severity, and turf quality. The study was conducted on a stand of ‘S‐21’ Kentucky bluegrass grown on a Chillum silt loam (fine silty, mixed mesic Typic Hapludult). The effects of these cultural parameters on root biomass, total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) content of crown tissue, leaf tissue N, and soil temperature also were evaluated, and their relationship to summer patch incidence and severity is discussed. Turf maintained at 7.6 cm was damaged less by summer patch, exhibited better overall quality, and stored higher TNC levels than turf maintained at 3.8 cm. In 1987 when disease pressure was extremely high, turf subjected to DI irrigation and maintained at 7.6 cm exhibited higher quality and lower summer patch incidence than any other irrigation‐by‐mowing‐height combination. Severely damaged turf allowed to grow from 3.8 to 7.6 cm recuperated more rapidly from disease injury than turf maintained continuously at 3.8 cm. Turf fertilized with sulfur coated urea generally exhibited best quality in 1987 and 1988, and was injured less by summer patch in 1987.

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Summer Patch and Kentucky Bluegrass Quality as Influenced by Cultural Practices

Stewart¹,

Dernoeden

1991

Agronomy Journal

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“…Davis and Dernoeden (1991) found that summer patch damage was less severe in Kentucky bluegrass turf maintained at 7.6 cm versus turf maintained at 3.8 cm. Susceptibility of plants to M. poae (reported as Phialophora graminicola) was more pronounced in turf mown at 2 cm versus unmowed (Smiley et al, 1985). Sulfur coated urea, urea, ammonium chloride, and sodium nitrate were evaluated for their effects on summer patch severity.…”

Section: B2 Summer Patch Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Fungicides Applied to Creeping Bentgrass

Hockemeyer

Latin

2015

J. Environ. Qual.

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Turf managers often rely on fungicides to limit damage caused by root diseases. Because fungicides are applied to aboveground surfaces and do not move basipetally, they are effective against root pathogens only when fungitoxic concentrations migrate to the rhizosphere. This research focused on the distribution of modern fungicides in verdure, thatch, sand, and roots of creeping bentgrass [Agrostis stolonifera L. var. palustris (Huds.) Farw.] maintained as a putting green. The fungicides azoxystrobin (methyl (E)‐2‐[2‐[6‐(2‐cyanophenoxy)pyrimidin‐4‐yloxy]phenyl]‐3‐methoxyacrylate), propiconazole (1,2,4‐triazole, 1‐((2‐(2,4‐dichlorophenyl)‐4‐propyl‐1,3‐dioxolan‐2‐yl)methyl), pyraclostrobin (carbamic acid, [2‐[[[1‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐1H‐pyrazol‐3‐yl]oxy]methyl]phenyl]methoxy‐,methyl ester), and thiophanate‐methyl (dimethyl 4,′4‐o‐phenylenebis[3‐thioallophanate]) were applied to replicate field plots in a water volume of 815 L ha−1. Plots were sampled at 0, 3, 7, 10, 14, 17, and 21 d after application by extracting cores measuring 1.9 cm in diameter by 3.8 cm deep. Cores were separated into verdure/thatch, sand, and roots before quantitative determination (liquid chromatography, triple quadrupole mass spectrometry) of fungicide residues. Fungicide residues in verdure/thatch declined steadily with time and support previously reported results describing fungicide depletion. Fungicides were detected in roots and sand within 5 h of application at very low (1–15 mg kg−1) concentrations and remained at low levels throughout the sampling period. Fungicides differed with respect to amounts recovered per turfgrass component. Azoxystrobin and propiconazole were associated with roots for the duration of the experiment, but pyraclostrobin was nearly undetectable. Near‐zero levels of all fungicides were detected in the sand component. Half‐life values in the verdure/thatch component ranged from 2.3 to 18.9 d.

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“…Britain (Deacon 1973a,b), Switzerland (Speakman & Lewis 1978), Australia (Wong & Siviour 1979;Wong 1983), and the United States (Smiley & Fowler 1984;Smiley et al 1985). The similarity of the mycoflora of ryegrass roots in different parts of the world may reflect a suitability of ryegrass root tissue as a substrate for particular soil-inhabiting fungi.…”

Section: Fungi Isolatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungi invading roots of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenneL.) in pasture

Skipp¹,

Christensen²

1989

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Trichoderma spp., basidiomycetes, and vesiculararbuscular mycorrhizal spp., were also common. Two additional sites were sampled over a 7-month period to examine the effects of root age, season, and fungicide treatment. Fungi were not affected by season or fungicide treatment (benomyl or triadimefon plus iprodione), but brown (old) roots were colonised more by fungi than white (young) roots. Fifty of 51 isolates of fungi commonly found in ryegrass roots invaded roots of ryegrass seedlings grown axenica1ly on water agar. Gaeumannomyces graminis (Sacc.) v. Arx & Olivier caused the most (;onspicuous root damage, but other fungi caused sOme root-browning and cellular necrosis indicating potential pathogenicity to ryegrass roots.

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Temperature and Osmotic Potential Effects onPhialophora graminicolaand Other Fungi Associated with Patch Diseases ofPoa pratensis

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Summer Patch and Kentucky Bluegrass Quality as Influenced by Cultural Practices

Summer Patch and Kentucky Bluegrass Quality as Influenced by Cultural Practices

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Fungicides Applied to Creeping Bentgrass

Fungi invading roots of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenneL.) in pasture

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