Temperature and Sweet Taste Integration in Drosophila

Li, Qiaoran; DeBeaubien, Nicolas A.; Sokabe, Takaaki; Montell, Craig

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2020.04.084

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…1) As detailed above, the injection of OCs into adult males induces a strong response in terms of transcriptional activity and, unexpectedly for us, many of the newly transcribed genes are members of chemoreceptor families. A large literature has been devoted to these proteins, initially in mammals and more recently in many other organisms, including Drosophila (33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42). In this species, chemoreceptors belong to two major groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A time course transcriptomic analysis of host and injected oncogenic cells reveals new aspects of Drosophila immune defenses

Chen

Roychowdhury-Sinha

Pragya

et al. 2021

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Oncogenic RasV12 cells [A. Simcox et al., PLoS Genet. 4, e1000142 (2008)] injected into adult males proliferated massively after a lag period of several days, and led to the demise of the flies after 2 to 3 wk. The injection induced an early massive transcriptomic response that, unexpectedly, included more than 100 genes encoding chemoreceptors of various families. The kinetics of induction and the identities of the induced genes differed markedly from the responses generated by injections of microbes. Subsequently, hundreds of genes were up-regulated, attesting to intense catabolic activities in the flies, active tracheogenesis, and cuticulogenesis, as well as stress and inflammation-type responses. At 11 d after the injections, GFP-positive oncogenic cells isolated from the host flies exhibited a markedly different transcriptomic profile from that of the host and distinct from that at the time of their injection, including in particular up-regulated expression of genes typical for cells engaged in the classical antimicrobial response of Drosophila.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A time course transcriptomic analysis of host and injected oncogenic cells reveals new aspects of Drosophila immune defenses

Chen

Roychowdhury-Sinha

Pragya

et al. 2021

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Operant conditioning is a learned association between behavior and a US, and the strength of the US influences the strength of the learned association (Rickard et al, 2009). Rest is strongly regulated by feeding and nutritional state (Murphy et al, 2016), and the consumption and hedonic value of sugar is dependent upon the state of the fly (Krashes et al, 2009;Li et al, 2020). While we have shown that there is a correlation between early rest and learning, it is not clear how they are connected mechanistically.…”

Section: Sucrose Promotes Rest and Is The Only Us Attended To By Fliementioning

confidence: 70%

Rest is Required to Learn an Appetitively-Reinforced Operant Task inDrosophila

Wiggin

Hsiao

Liu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Maladaptive operant conditioning contributes to development of neuropsychiatric disorders. Candidate genes have been identified that contribute to this maladaptive plasticity, but the neural basis of operant conditioning in genetic model organisms remains poorly understood. The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is a versatile genetic model organism that readily forms operant associations with punishment stimuli. However, operant conditioning with a food reward has not been demonstrated in flies, limiting the types of neural circuits that can be studied. Here we present the first sucrose-reinforced operant conditioning paradigm for flies. Flies of both sexes walk along a Y-shaped track with reward locations at the terminus of each hallway. When flies turn in the reinforced direction at the center of the track, sucrose is presented at the end of the hallway. Only flies that rest during training show evidence of learning the reward contingency. Flies rewarded independently of their behavior do not form a learned association but have the same amount of rest as trained flies, showing that rest is not driven by learning. Optogenetically-induced rest does not promote learning, indicating that rest is not sufficient for learning the operant task. We validated the sensitivity of this assay to detect the effect of genetic manipulations by testing the classic learning mutant dunce. Dunce flies are learning impaired in the Y-Track task, indicating a likely role for cAMP in the operant coincidence detector. This novel training paradigm will provide valuable insight into the molecular mechanisms of disease and the link between sleep and learning.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOperant conditioning and mental health are deeply intertwined: maladaptive conditioning contributes to many pathologies, while therapeutic operant conditioning is a frequently used tool in talk therapy. Unlike drug interventions which target molecules or mechanisms, it is not known how operant conditioning changes the brain to promote wellness or distress. To gain mechanistic insight into how this form of learning works, we developed a novel operant training task for the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. We made three key discoveries. First, flies are able to learn an operant task to find food reward. Second, rest during training is necessary for learning. Third, the dunce gene is necessary for both classical and operant conditioning in flies, indicating that they may share molecular mechanisms.

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“…Some of the pharyngeal neurons are polymo- dal because they respond to chemical and mechanical stimuli, with PM neurons being an example. A ''generalist'' versus ''specialist'' strategy has been found in other sensory organs too (Del Ma ´rmol et al, 2021;Li et al, 2020;Sharif et al, 2020). Being able to evaluate multiple properties of a bolus in the pharynx allow the animals to effectively control the feeding amount.…”

Section: Integration Of Gustatory and Mechanosensory Information In The Pharynxmentioning

confidence: 99%