Temperature-controlled CO, CO2 and NOx sensing in a diesel engine exhaust stream

Figueroa, O.; Lee, Chonghoon; Akbar, Sheikh A.; Szabo, Nicholas F; Trimboli, Joseph; Dutta, Prabir K.; Sawaki, Naoto; Soliman, Ahmed; Verweij, H.

doi:10.1016/j.snb.2004.12.025

Cited by 32 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…For example, a shift in the response of NO x sensor in engine exhaust, as compared to that in a laboratory testing, has been attributed to interference from CO or hydrocarbon gases [339]. Similarly, the calibration curve for a NO x sensor in diesel exhaust is different from that determined in the laboratory [168]. In addition, the presence of a relatively small amount of oxygen (3%) can affect the response of a NO x sensor [340].…”

Section: Log [Co] (Ppm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lithium ion conductors used with Li 2 CO 3 include LISICON [163] and other Li 3 PO 4 -based electrolytes [164][165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173]. As with sodium ion conductors, Li 2 CO 3 -containing carbonates are used with lithium ion conductors [174,175].…”

Section: Auxiliary Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This effect can be corrected for if the oxygen content is known, but the presence of oxygen decreases the magnitude of the sensor response, which may reduce the signal-to-noise ratio of the sensor output. One approach to improving selectivity is to use a porous zeolite on the electrode [168,281,341,342]. In addition to using the controlled porosity to preferentially control the relative diffusion rates of different species, the zeolite can be loaded with catalysts to promote the desired chemical reaction.…”

Section: Log [Co] (Ppm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical Sensors: Fundamentals, Key Materials, and Applications

Fergus

2009

Solid State Electrochemistry I

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Solid electrolytes are well suited for use in chemical sensors for high-temperature applications. The first such sensors followed from the use of solid electrolytes for thermodynamic measurements, and are based on galvanic cells, for which the open circuit voltage is related to the concentration of the mobile ionic species, or to another target species through equilibration at the electrode surface. However, sensors can also be based on nonequilibrium, but steady-state, potentials established between electrochemical reactions at the electrode. Another approach is to use the current passing through the electrolyte, rather than the voltage across the electrolyte, as the sensor signal. In this chapter we first describe the different methods for using solid electrolytes in chemical sensors, and then discuss some of the materials challenges and example applications. IntroductionMore than 50 years ago, Kiukkola and Wagner [1] demonstrated that solid electrolytes couldbeusedingalvaniccellstomeasurethethermodynamicpropertiesofoxides.Those pioneering studies subsequently led to the more practical application of solid electrolytes in chemical sensors. The ionic conduction in solid electrolytes is thermally activated and thus its rate increases with increasing temperature; consequently, solid electrolytes are well suited for high-temperature applications. On the other hand, such temperature dependencealsomeansthatsensorsbasedonsolidelectrolytescanrespondsluggishlyor may be inoperable at low temperatures. However, one of the advantages of solid-state devices, such as those based on solid electrolytes, is that they can be miniaturized [2,3]. Decreasingthedevicedimensionsreducesdiffusionlengths,whichinturndecreasesthe response time and thus also the minimum operating temperature.Ionic conducting solids can be used in a variety of different types of sensor [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Solids forwhichthe ionicconductivity is much largerthanthe electronic conductivity can Solid State Electrochemistry I: Fundamentals, Materials and their Applications. Edited by Vladislav V. Kharton

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Section: Log [Co] (Ppm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Auxiliary Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Log [Co] (Ppm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical Sensors: Fundamentals, Key Materials, and Applications

Fergus

2009

Solid State Electrochemistry I

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“…However, poor reproducibility and poor long-term stability are observed [6][7][8]. The solid electrolyte based on lithium-ion conductor [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] attracted much attention as a new kind of electrolyte material due to its higher ionic conductivity and perfect electrochemical stability. To fabricate reproducible and durable CO 2 sensors, maintenance of a stable and reversible ionic activity in the sensing and reference electrodes is the most important technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentiometric CO2 sensor with Au,Li2CO3/Li+-electrolyte/LiMn2O4 structure

Zhu

Zhang

Weppner

2013

J Solid State Electrochem

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A new solid-state electrochemical cell for CO 2 sensing has been set up using Li 3 PO 4 and Li 4 SiO 4 (LiSiPO) solid electrolyte and Li 1-δ Mn 2 O 4 /MnO 2 as reference electrode. The electromotive force (EMF), the reproducibility, and the long-term stability of the sensor signals have been examined at temperature between 400 and 500°C exposure on dry atmosphere. The EMF is dependent on the partial pressure of CO 2 and can be expressed by the Nernst equation. The cell is long-term stable at temperature as low as 450°C and the sensor signals are reproducible with high accuracy.

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“…[1][2][3][4] The performance of the titania materials, is significantly dependent on the morphology and crystallinity of the Titania nanostrucures. 5 Crystallinity is relatively easy to be controlled.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%