Temperature dependence of the viscosity of aqueous poly(vinyl alcohol)‐borax solutions

Murakami, Ichiro; Fujino, Y.; Ishikawa, Ryou; Ochiai, Hiroshi; Tadokoro, Yuji

doi:10.1002/pol.1980.180181013

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The pK of the polymer acids depends on the degree of neutralization [14]. They observed linear dependences of the reduced viscosity on the concentration and found considerable increase of the intrinsic viscosity and the expansion factor on the increase of the molar ratio of borax/PVAL.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyelectrolyte behaviour of poly(vinyl alcohol)‐boric acid complexes

Moneva‐Andonova

1991

Acta Polymerica

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The polyelectrolyte behaviour of poly(vinyl alcohol)‐boric acid complexes is investigated. A plateau is observed in the dependence of pKa on the degree of neutralization, while the HENDERSON‐HASSELBACH plots show two linear regions with different slope related to two different macroconformations. The complexes undergo a transition to an extended rigid conformation when neutralized in aqueous solution determined by decreased flexibility of the chain and charge acquisition.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyelectrolyte behaviour of poly(vinyl alcohol)‐boric acid complexes

Moneva‐Andonova

1991

Acta Polymerica

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“…[48] studied the concentration dependence of viscosity of dilute solutions of polyvinylalcohol in the presence of borax and sodium chloride to elucidate the mechanism of thickening of polyvinylalcohol. The data are plotted in figures 15 and 16.…”

Section: Aqueous Polymer Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An AFVS model for polymer solutions: New scaling relationship

1985

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Abstract:The altered free volume state (AFVS) approach developed by Kulkarni and Mashelkar has been extended to develop a model for the viscosity of polymer solutions. The effect of polymer concentration, molecular weight and electrolyte concentration is shown to be satisfactorily explained in the framework of AFVS model. The regimes of viscosity behaviour have been defined for the systems investigated and the transitions involved identified. The approach leads to the identification of a surprisingly simple and unique scaling parameter ~p, which enables excellent concentration-molecular weight superposition.

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Poly(vinyl alcohol) gel sublayers for reverse osmosis membranes. I. Insolubilization by acid‐catalyzed dehydration

Immelman

Sanderson

Jacobs

et al. 1993

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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SYNOPSISBoth flat-sheet and tubular composite reverse osmosis (RO) membranes were prepared by depositing aqueous solutions of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and a dehydration catalyst on asymmetric poly (arylether sulfone) (PES) substrate membranes. The PVA coatings were insolubilized by heat treatment to create stable hydrophilic gel-layer membranes. The influence of variables such as PVA concentration, catalyst concentration, curing time, and curing temperature was investigated. It was shown that a simple manipulation of one or two variables could lead to membranes with widely differing salt retention and water permeability characteristics. The insolubilized PVA coatings were intended to serve as hydrophilic gel sublayers on which ultrathin salt-retention barriers could ultimately be formed by interfacial polycondensation. For this purpose, high-flux gel layers were required, whereas salt-retention capabilities were not regarded as important. However, the promising salt retentions obtained at 2 MPa (up to 85% NaCl retention and 92% MgS04 retention) showed that some of these PES-PVA composite membranes could function as mediumretention, medium-flux RO membranes, even in the absence of an interfacially formed salt-retention barrier. Several methods have been developed to make very thin synthetic membranes. Only two of these have become technologically important, namely, ( i ) the original approach of Loeb and Sourirajanl for the preparation of asymmetric membranes by the solvent-nonsolvent phase-inversion process, and ( ii ) the method of interfacial polymerization.' When carried out at one surface of a porous support material, this polymerization technique is widely used commercially as a means of producing thin-film composite reverse osmosis (RO) membranes.During the last two decades, primary emphasis in nonpolysaccharide membrane research and development has focused on aromatic polyamides and other related rigid nitrogen-containing hydrophilic heterochain polymers, e.g., aromatic polyhydrazides and p~lyureas.~ Although a wide variety of materials exist to choose from for RO applications, the various aromatic polyamides in integrally skinned (asymmetric ) and interfacially formed composite membranes have, for many years, been the most attractive candidates on the basis of their performance and cost. These membranes exhibit water permeability and salt-rejection characteristics, as well as thermal, biological, and chemical resistance properties, superior to those of conventional asymmetric cellulose acetate membranes.As a result of the inherent chain rigidity and a low extent of water-induced swelling, these aromatic backbone polymers exhibit low water permeabilities and, consequently, the membranes have to be operated at high transmembrane pressures (6-10 MPa) to obtain useful water fluxes. This makes them unsuitable for desalination of aqueous salt so-

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Temperature dependence of the viscosity of aqueous poly(vinyl alcohol)‐borax solutions

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

Polyelectrolyte behaviour of poly(vinyl alcohol)‐boric acid complexes

Polyelectrolyte behaviour of poly(vinyl alcohol)‐boric acid complexes

An AFVS model for polymer solutions: New scaling relationship

Poly(vinyl alcohol) gel sublayers for reverse osmosis membranes. I. Insolubilization by acid‐catalyzed dehydration

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