Temperature‐dependent FlgM/FliA complex formation regulates <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> flagella length

Wösten, Marc M. S. M.; Dijk, Linda van; Veenendaal, Andreas K. J.; Zoete, Marcel R. de; Bleumink-Pluijm, Nancy M. C.; Putten, Jos P. M. van

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07079.x

Cited by 51 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Similar to other bacterial systems, the C. jejuni and H. pylori σ 28 (encoded by fliA) is required for expression of class 3 genes such as flaA and other filament genes and is negatively controlled by the antisigma factor FlgM (12, 19, 45, 53, 123, 124) (Figure 2). As in the Salmonella system, expression of C. jejuni and H. pylori σ 28 -dependent class 3 genes is repressed until the HBB is completed because of FlgM (19, 53, 123).…”

Section: Regulation Of Flagellar Gene Expression and Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 98%

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Motility and Chemotaxis in Campylobacter and Helicobacter

Lertsethtakarn

Ottemann

Hendrixson

2011

Annu. Rev. Microbiol.

274

298

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Flagellar motility of Campylobacter jejuni and Helicobacter pylori influences host colonization by promoting migration through viscous milieus such as gastrointestinal mucus. This review explores mechanisms C. jejuni and H. pylori employ to control flagellar biosynthesis and chemotactic responses. These microbes tightly control the activities of σ54 and σ28 to mediate ordered flagellar gene expression. In addition to phase-variable and posttranslational mechanisms, flagellar biosynthesis is regulated spatially and numerically so that only a certain number of organelles are placed at polar sites. To mediate chemotaxis, C. jejuni and H. pylori combine basic chemotaxis signal transduction components with several accessory proteins. H. pylori is unusual in that it lacks a methylation-based adaptation system and produces multiple CheV coupling proteins. Chemoreceptors in these bacteria contain nonconserved ligand binding domains, with several chemoreceptors matched to environmental signals. Together, these mechanisms allow for swimming motility that is essential for colonization.

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Section: Regulation Of Flagellar Gene Expression and Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 98%

“…As in the Salmonella system, expression of C. jejuni and H. pylori σ 28 -dependent class 3 genes is repressed until the HBB is completed because of FlgM (19, 53, 123). Repression is mediated by FlgM binding to σ 28 , which prevents the sigma factor from associating with RNA polymerase.…”

Section: Regulation Of Flagellar Gene Expression and Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Motility and Chemotaxis in Campylobacter and Helicobacter

Lertsethtakarn

Ottemann

Hendrixson

2011

Annu. Rev. Microbiol.

274

298

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“…Expression of these genes is likely not controlled by the flagellar transcriptional hierarchy and may be constitutive. A curious finding noted in C. jejuni is that FlgM associates with 28 to inhibit its activity at 37°C but not at 42°C, which is the body temperature of this organism's natural avian hosts (650). This finding possibly suggests that 28 activity may be unregulated during commensal colonization of these hosts.…”

Section: Transcriptional Regulatory Cascades For Flagellar Gene Exprementioning

confidence: 81%

“…In C. jejuni and Helicobacter spp., 28 is required for expression of class 3 genes, which include the major flagellin gene, flaA, along with those encoding minor filament proteins (80,255,298,368,571). Like the case in gammaproteobacteria, FlgM associates with 28 to inhibit its activity and releases 28 from inhibition when FlgM is secreted out of the cytoplasm by the HBB (106,298,511,650). Unlike the case in Salmonella spp.…”

Section: Transcriptional Regulatory Cascades For Flagellar Gene Exprementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stimulation of 54 activity results in expression of the class 2 genes, which encode primarily the flagellar rod, ring, and hook proteins. Also potentially included as class 2 genes are fliA and flgM, which encode 28 and its anti-factor, since some evidence exists that expression of these genes is partially 54 dependent (80,650). Class 3 genes include those dependent on 28 for expression, which include flaA, genes encoding minor filament proteins, and a few nonflagellar genes that may encode proteins involved in virulence mechanisms (217,489).…”

Section: Transcriptional Regulatory Cascades For Flagellar Gene Exprementioning

confidence: 99%

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Change Is Good: Variations in Common Biological Mechanisms in the Epsilonproteobacterial GeneraCampylobacterandHelicobacter

Gilbreath

Cody

Merrell

et al. 2011

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

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SUMMARY Microbial evolution and subsequent species diversification enable bacterial organisms to perform common biological processes by a variety of means. The epsilonproteobacteria are a diverse class of prokaryotes that thrive in diverse habitats. Many of these environmental niches are labeled as extreme, whereas other niches include various sites within human, animal, and insect hosts. Some epsilonproteobacteria, such as Campylobacter jejuni and Helicobacter pylori , are common pathogens of humans that inhabit specific regions of the gastrointestinal tract. As such, the biological processes of pathogenic Campylobacter and Helicobacter spp. are often modeled after those of common enteric pathogens such as Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli . While many exquisite biological mechanisms involving biochemical processes, genetic regulatory pathways, and pathogenesis of disease have been elucidated from studies of Salmonella spp. and E. coli , these paradigms often do not apply to the same processes in the epsilonproteobacteria. Instead, these bacteria often display extensive variation in common biological mechanisms relative to those of other prototypical bacteria. In this review, five biological processes of commonly studied model bacterial species are compared to those of the epsilonproteobacteria C. jejuni and H. pylori . Distinct differences in the processes of flagellar biosynthesis, DNA uptake and recombination, iron homeostasis, interaction with epithelial cells, and protein glycosylation are highlighted. Collectively, these studies support a broader view of the vast repertoire of biological mechanisms employed by bacteria and suggest that future studies of the epsilonproteobacteria will continue to provide novel and interesting information regarding prokaryotic cellular biology.

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2020

Structure and Function of the Bacterial Genome

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Temperature‐dependent FlgM/FliA complex formation regulates Campylobacter jejuni flagella length

Cited by 51 publications

References 41 publications

Motility and Chemotaxis in Campylobacter and Helicobacter

Motility and Chemotaxis in Campylobacter and Helicobacter

Change Is Good: Variations in Common Biological Mechanisms in the Epsilonproteobacterial GeneraCampylobacterandHelicobacter

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