Temperature-dependent pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of oxolinic acid in sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L., after a single intravascular injection

Abstract

The pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of oxolinic acid following an intravascular administration (15 mg kg À1 fish) were determined in sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L. (110 g), at 13 8C and 22 8C water temperature. The kinetic profile of the drug was found to be temperature dependent, with increased temperature having a greater effect on distribution after equilibrium and the elimination phase than on the distribution process. The distibution half-life of oxolinic acid was 1.15 and 2.76 h at 22 8C and 13 8C respectively, whereas the elimination half-life of the drug was 55 h at 22 8C and 315 h at 13 8C. The values of the apparent volume of distribution (1.44 L kg À1 at 22 8C and 3.31 L kg À1 at 13 8C) and the volume of distribution at steady state (5.2 and 14.7 L kg À1 at the high and low temperature respectively) were considerably different between the two tested temperatures. The total body clearance of the antibiotic was found to be low (1.47 L kg À1 day À1 at 22 8C and 0.80 L kg À1 day À1 at 13 8C). Lower rates of elimination were found for the liver compared with muscle, the difference increasing with increasing temperature, while elimination rates from the serum were higher than those of other tissues, especially at the high temperature.

Effect of temperature on pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in mud crab, Scylla serrata (Forsskål), following oral administration

“…This finding is in agreement with the results for oxolinic acid in catfish (Kleinow et al. 1994), but contrasts with the results of Rigos et al. (2002a,b).…”

“…1992), channel catfish (Kleinow et al. 1994) and sea bass (Rigos et al. 2002b), for oxytetracycline in sea bass (Rigos et al.…”

“…Most invertebrates, including crab and shrimp as well as most fish, are ectothermic animals and studies on the effect of temperature on pharmacokinetics in rainbow trout (Björklund, Eriksson & Bylund 1992; Sohlberg, Aulie & Soli 1994), channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque) (Kleinow, Jarboe & Shoemaker 1994), sea bass (Rigos, Alexis, Andriopoulou & Nengas 2002a,b) and crucian carp, Carassius auratus (L.) (Ding, Cao, Ma, Pan, Fang & Lu 2006), revealed that temperature affects the absorption, distribution or elimination of drugs.…”

Antibacterial Agents in Mediterranean Finfish Farming: A Synopsis of Drug Pharmacokinetics in Important Euryhaline Fish Species and Possible Environmental Implications

“…Corresponding values for FLU (18-24°C) and SARA (18-25°C) for muscle and skin of the same species were found to be 22 and 18-33 h (Tyrpenou et al, 2003a,b). Overall, the elimination of quinolones appears to be rapid in euryhaline fish species and highly temperaturedependent (Rigos et al, 2002b;Tyrpenou et al, 2003a,b). Consequently, daily dosing of quinolone drugs should be mandatory, especially at higher water temperatures, to maintain maximum tissue drug concentrations in euryhaline fish.…”

Pharmacokinetics and tissue behavior of enrofloxacin and its metabolite ciprofloxacin in turbot Scophthalmus maximus at two water temperatures

“…of Scophthalmus maximus ( n =5), at 16°C and 10°C water temperatures previously reported that a temperature increment of 1°C corresponds to a 10% increase in the metabolic and excretory rates of fi sh (Rigos et al, 2002a). Rigos et al (2002b) also demonstrated the effect of temperature on the t 1/2 β of oxolinic acid in sea bass plasma, and similar profi le was found in gilthead seabream and crucian carp (Tyrpenou et al, 2003;Ding et al, 2006). Similar to Liang et al (2010), the t 1/2 β of enrofl oxacin after oral administration was 137 h at 10°C and 99 h at 16°C, but differed from that of 25 h reported for sea bass at 15°C (Intorre et al, 2000), 42.1 h for koi carp at 27-28°C (Udomkusonsri et al, 2007), or 161.10 h for European eel at 23-25°C .…”