Temperature Effect on Positron Annihilation in Condensed Matter

Zafra, R. L. de; Joyner, W. T.

doi:10.1103/physrev.112.19

Cited by 63 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…For the first component, conservative estimates suggest an uncertainty of 25% for the lifetime and of 12% for the intensity. As can be seen from the table, the lifetime of the za component is sensitive to the dissolved air, in agreement with what was observed in benzene by Lee and Celitans [10]. The v4 value in air-saturated liquid naphthalene agrees with that given by Landes et a/.…”

supporting

confidence: 92%

“…Moreover, in the angular correlation curves [5,7], the narrow component typical of para-Ps annihilation does not appear in benzene; this is in agreement with what occurs in several solid hydrocarbons. A clear indication of its presence in solid naphtalene has not been given until now [7,10]; in particular, Chuang and Tao [7] did not find it in single crystal but pointed out its existence in polycristalline sample.…”

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confidence: 98%

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Positron bound systems in benzene and in naphthalene

Bisi¹,

Consolati²,

Gambara³

et al. 1991

Il Nuovo Cimento D

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(ricevuto il 2 Luglio 1990) Summary. b Positron decay in liquid naphthalene and benzene was investigated through measurements of lifetimes and magnetic quenching. The obtained results when compared with those already known in solid phase suggest that positrons become bound in two different systems. The first has a lifetime z3 ~ 1 ns which is unaffected by the melting, while the second (v4--3 ns) arises above melting and behaves as a relaxed positronium.PACS 78.70 -Other interactions of matter with particles and radiation. PACS 71.60 -Positron states.

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supporting

confidence: 92%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Positron bound systems in benzene and in naphthalene

Bisi¹,

Consolati²,

Gambara³

et al. 1991

Il Nuovo Cimento D

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“…Tartaric acid 136t TCNE (see Tetracyanoethylene)129 Teflon (seePolytetrafluoroethylene) 224 Te(OH)6 136t p-Terphenyl 205f, 206, 207 Tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) 129, 166t Tetradecane SOt, 74t, 113f, 122t, 124f, 128,213, 229 n-Tetradecane SOt, 74t, 124f, 126f, 213 Tetrahydrofuran 58 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-4-hydroxypiperidine-l-oxyl (TMOPO, HTMPO) 90t, 176f-181, 183, 184, 186, 190 1,2,3,4-Tetramethylbenzene 74t Tetramethylparaphenylenediamine 148 Tetramethylsilane 5, SOt, 52t, 58f, 59, 73t, 74t, 81,83, 113f, 122t, 124f, 126f, 128, 129 Tl+ 133, 136t, 141, 142t TMOPO (see 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-4hydroxypiperidine-l-oxyl) 178 Toluene SOt, 74t, 130, 166t-169ft, 172 1,3,5-Trichlorobenzene 166t 2,2,2-Trichloroethanol 74t Triethylamine 146, 148 1,4-bis-Trifluoromethylbenzene 125 Triphenylamine 148 n-Tritriacontane 211 Pick off annihilation 2, 18,26-28,45, 54, 56, 58f, 64, 76t, 91, 155-157, 171 AC 76t,92, 163f, 184-186 Plastic crystals 200-202f, 204, 205f, 212 Plastic scintillators 32 Polar solvents (see Liquids, polar) 78f transfer reactions 109, 111 trapping 10, 26, 62, 65, 99, 109, 116, 137, 202,216 POSITRON FIT 35-37,72 Positronium (see Ps) p Ps 2,3,4,6, 17, 19,22-28 of-mass wave function 8, 19, 27, 86 conversion 3f,29, 133, 144, 155, 156, 173, 176, 177f, 178f-183, 187-191t formation in solids 208-210, 212-215 formation models 77, 150 inhibition (see also yield) 112, 113f, 115, 116, 119-125, 129-135f, 136t, 137f, 142t-146, 154, 162f-I64, 174,236,238,243,244 inhibition parameters 120, 122t, 124f, 133, 136, 139, 140~ 179 magnetic quenching (see Magnetic quenching)…”

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confidence: 99%

Positron Annihilation in Chemistry

Mogensen¹

1995

Springer Series in Chemical Physics

409

511

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© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1995 Softcover reprint of the hardcover I st edition 1995The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.Typesetting: Macmillan India Ltd, Bangalore-25 SPIN: 10069941 54/3140/SPS -5 432 I 0 -Printed on acid-free paper PrefaceThe electron, positron, and positronium (Ps, the electron-positron bound state) are the only light particles which participate in normal low-energy processes of physics and chemistry. Because of their small masses quantum mechanical phenomena play a great role in their behavior. Good accounts of the excess electron behavior are available. Similarly, several good books treat the behavior of the positron in solid state and gas physics. However, the research on the positron and Ps in chemistry-oriented fields of science is not well treated in the literature. In liquids Ps is normally in the "bubble" state, and hence, its chemical reactions are very exceptional, indeed. The states and reactions of the positron in insulating liquids can profitably be compared to those of the only other charged light particle, the excess electron. Furthermore, Ps is formed by a reaction between the positron and excess electron in the positron spur, and Ps formation studies give, therefore, information on excess electrons, too. Consequently, to understand "light particle chemistry" it is necessary to have a good understanding of the chemistry of the positron and Ps. This book is a critical review of the research on the behavior of the positron and Ps performed within chemistry-oriented positron annihilation. In particular, I have emphasized the interpretation of selected, typical, experimental results in the field. The book does not give an exhaustive discussion of all the published results. This is impossible because of lack of space anyway. Discussions of experimental results and theoretical explanations believed to be outdated, erratic, or misleading are mainly omitted, with the exceptions of those which have been used extensively in the literature. The omission of certain works might just indicate that the accepted ideas and concepts in the field have changed very much recently.Partly because of lack of space positron annihilation in several fields on the borderline of chemistry, physics, and/or materials science is not discussed. For example, research on metals, semiconductors, ionic crystals, ceramic materials, high Tc superconductors, gases, and liquid noble gases is not discussed, except if the results are of general interest.The writing of this book would have been impossible without many years of very good collaboration with M. Eldrup and N.J. Pedersen at Risoe. Furthermore, I spent seven months doing fruitful work at IMFUFA, Roskilde University VI Preface

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“…6 Some spectra could be separated into three components using the same computer program, but the fit was generally less satisfactory than in those cases when a decomposition into two components was demanded.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%