Terahertz reflectometry imaging for low and high grade gliomas

Abstract

Gross total resection (GTR) of glioma is critical for improving the survival rate of glioma patients. One of the greatest challenges for achieving GTR is the difficulty in discriminating low grade tumor or peritumor regions that have an intact blood brain barrier (BBB) from normal brain tissues and delineating glioma margins during surgery. Here we present a highly sensitive, label-free terahertz reflectometry imaging (TRI) that overcomes current key limitations for intraoperative detection of World Health Organization (WHO) grade II (low grade), and grade III and IV (high grade) gliomas. We demonstrate that TRI provides tumor discrimination and delineation of tumor margins in brain tissues with high sensitivity on the basis of Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained image. TRI may help neurosurgeons to remove gliomas completely by providing visualization of tumor margins in WHO grade II, III, and IV gliomas without contrast agents, and hence, improve patient outcomes.

AVNP2 protects against cognitive impairments induced by C6 glioma by suppressing tumour associated inflammation in rats

“…We chose it because THz ATR intensity imaging could be employed as a complementary technique, allowing surgeons to determine tumour regions with a label-free and diagnostic imaging method in real time. It has more important clinical significance than H&E staining (Reid et al, 2011;Parrott et al, 2011;Ji et al, 2016).…”

Measuring water contents in animal organ tissues using terahertz spectroscopic imaging

“…The absorption coefficients of lyophilized spleen, kidney, liver, and brain at 1 THz were 45.5 cm −1 , 40.3 cm −1 , 38.3 cm −1 , and 35.0 cm −1 , respectively. This result is due to the difference of components of tissues such as lipid, protein, and so on [19]. We calculated the water fraction using these absorption coefficients of fresh tissues and lyophilization organ pellets in Eq.…”

“…In particular, THz waves have a high refractive index and absorbance in water, and can, therefore, be used to obtain accurate water concentrations in materials [8]. Thus, THz imaging systems can be used to indicate chemicals in fresh tissues, such as water or ion concentration, as well as physical properties [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. To date, a number of studies have been conducted to investigate the chemical information in normal and abnormal tissues using THz spectroscopy and imaging.…”

Terahertz Spectroscopic Diagnosis of Myelin Deficit Brain in Mice and Rhesus Monkey with Chemometric Techniques

“…THz spectroscopy has been applied to distinguish brain tumors 12–14 and neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease 15, 16 , but it probably more apply to myelin-associated disease. In 2004, with continuous-wave THz imaging technique, Darmo et al .…”