Tertiary volcanism in northern E Greenland: Gauss Halvø and Hold with Hope

Upton, B. G. J.; Emeleus, C. H.; Hald, Niels

doi:10.1144/gsjgs.137.4.0491

Cited by 46 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The hyaloclastites were formed by brecciation of submarine basalt flows (cf. Site 555 chapter, this volume), and the associated tuffs represent the products of erosion of adjacent subaerial flows Upton et al, 1981) in contrast to the tuffs found at Sites 553 and 555.…”

Section: East Greenlandmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In the coastal area, the basalts are thickest and penetrated pervasively by dykes (Zone II) but thin rapidly inland (Zone IV equivalent) (Water 1934;. The thin (c. 1 km) plateau basalts occurring north of Scoresby Sund (Upton et al, 1981) may represent Zone IV basalts separated from the Zone III dipping reflectors of the Jan Mayen Ridge by the Oligocene jump in spreading (Nunns, 1983).…”

Section: East Greenlandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, alkali basalts do occur near the landward and presumably later extremities of the lava pile at Prinsen of Wales Bjerge (Anwar, 1955) and also in the Triangular Nunataks area, where they clearly overlie the Plateau Basalts (Fawcett et al, 1982). Alkali basalts also compose a small part of the Plateau Basalts (Zone IV) outcropping north of Scoresby Sund (Upton et al, 1981). The East Greenland succession offers a compelling analog to the volcanic sequence of southwest Rockall Plateau.…”

Section: East Greenlandmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Late Paleocene-Eocene Volcanic Events in the Northern North Atlantic Ocean

Roberts¹,

Morton²,

Backman³

1984

Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project

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In the North Altantic area, the thick basalts of Greenland, the Faeroes, and Scotland have been widely considered as a single province related to the early Tertiary rifting. The development of this province in time and space has largely remained unknown because of the lack of relevant geological and geophysical data offshore and the uncertainties of chronostratigraphic correlation between widely separated areas.The Leg 81 results allow late Paleocene-Eocene volcanic events in the North Atlantic to be placed in a consistent spatial and temporal framework. The Leg 81 sites demonstrate the volcanic origin of the dipping reflectors and, using their seismically mapped distribution, allow the first definition of the true extent of the volcanic province associated with rifting. Secondly, the more precise stratigraphy established from the Leg 81 data allows a first correlation between events recorded onshore and offshore. The volcanism took place in two phases entirely during the Anomaly 24B/25 reversed polarity interval. The first phase comprised voluminous effusive volcanism (the dipping reflectors) and was succeeded by pyroclastic volcanism, recorded as ash-fall deposits in the Barents Sea, North Sea, Rockall Plateau, and Bay of Biscay, just prior to the onset of spreading in Anomaly-24B time.

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Section: East Greenlandmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: East Greenlandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: East Greenlandmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Late Paleocene-Eocene Volcanic Events in the Northern North Atlantic Ocean

Roberts¹,

Morton²,

Backman³

1984

Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project

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“…Basaltic outliers, dissected relicts of a formerly continuous lava plateau (originally -16,000 km 2 and ~1.5 km thick) are exposed some 400 km further north in an approx. 50-km wide zone of islands and peninsulas between Kejser Franz Joseph Fjord and Shannon 0 (Upton et al, 1980(Upton et al, , 1984. Separate from this plateau, venterupted alkaline, feldspatoid-bearing lavas occur in nunataks 200 km inland at 74°N (Noe-Nygaard, 1976).…”

Section: Basalts and Doleritesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Provenance of coarse ice-rafted detritus near the SE Greenland margin

Linthout

Troelstra

Kuijpers

2000

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

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The provenance of coarse-grained ice-rafted detritus has been studied, based on material collected from the SE Greenland margin.The sediment was sampled by a 1.5 m 3 video-grab from 1256 m water depth. The fraction > 1cm was macroscopically investigated and a thin-section analysis was made. The results clearly show that East Greenland north of the Denmark Strait is the source region of the material sampled. The main provenance is from areas adjoining Kangerdlugssuaq Fjord, Blosseville Kyst, Scoresby Sund, Kong Oskar Fjord, and Kejser Franz Joseph Fjord. It can thus be demonstrated that significant ice-stream activity and iceberg calving occurred there. Present-day iceberg production is mainly concentrated to the Scoresby Sund, but the other areas apparently represent locations of larger ice-stream activity during periods prior to the Holocene.More generally, it can be concluded that southerly surface-water flow similar to the present East Greenland Current must also have occurred prior to the Holocene. Although either North America (Canada) or Scandinavia -or both -are generally referred to as important regions for the provenance of ice-rafted detritus, we conclude that (East) Greenland may have been an important source for (late) glacial North Atlantic ice-rafted detritus production as well.

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“…The lavas constitute two series (Upton et al, 1980). The lower plateau lava series (LPLS) is characterized by subaerial, aphyric to sparsely phyric, flows probably erupted from fissure volcanoes east of the present coastline.…”

Section: East Greenlandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the Vøring Volcanic Margin

Eldholm¹,

Thiede²,

Taylor³

1989

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

136

107

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ODP Sites 642 and 643 recovered a succession of rocks which have greatly improved the understanding of how the Cenozoic volcanic Wring Margin evolved, particularly by providing important constraints on the series of events that occurred during the initial opening of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea. The more than 900 m of igneous rocks and interbedded sediments drilled at Site 642 constitute two distinct, strikingly different volcanic series. The upper series, composed of transitional mid-oceanic tholeiitic lava flows and thin interbedded volcaniclastic sediments confirmed the seaward-dipping reflectors to be a terrestrially constructed extrusive complex. The lower series, probably extending for several hundred meters below the bottom of the hole, consists of another flow complex of dacitic composition, some dikes and thicker interbedded sediments, partially continentally derived. We suggest that the margin evolved by crustal extension in the Paleocene accompanied by uplift and a progressively more intense invasion of dikes and sills in the rift zone. Just prior to breakup, magma from shallow crustal melts produced the lower series. The upper series was constructed during an intense, rapidly waning, volcanic surge of subaerial accretion of oceanic magma following breakup in middle of Chron 24.2R. The surge is characterized by a much increased rate of magma production and high spreading rate. The upper series cover both newly formed oceanic crust and large areas of the adjacent thinned continental crust. The dipping wedge was formed by subsidence due to loading and thermal contraction, possibly amplified by a tectonic force. When the surge had abated, the injection center quickly subsided and normal oceanic crust was formed. Our interpretation is that the continent/ocean boundary occurs at the seaward termination of reflector K, which separates the two volcanic series. However, a region of strongly intruded transitional crust is inferred in 30-to 50-km wide zones on either side of the Vdring Plateau Escarpment.The Wring Margin experienced crustal uplift and extension prior to breakup, restricted to a Tertiary marginal basin west of the present shelf edge. The initial volcanic surge and shallow extrusion level are related to a higher than normal temperature at the base of the lithosphere, inducing partial melting combined with opening in previously thinned crust. The commonly described non-extensional nature of this margin is only an apparent phenomenon. Except for the outer basin, extension by dike injection coupled with high strength of the thin, pre-opening crust in the Vdring Basin precluded the formation of a faulted rift unconformity. We believe these observations have relevance for volcanic margins elsewhere, but infer that seaward-dipping reflectors can form in many environments.The Wring Plateau marginal high and other similar features in the North Atlantic are an integrated part of the North Atlantic Volcanic Province, which extends 2000 km longitudinally. Compared to the central, transverse, part of ...

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Tertiary volcanism in northern E Greenland: Gauss Halvø and Hold with Hope

Cited by 46 publications

References 24 publications

Late Paleocene-Eocene Volcanic Events in the Northern North Atlantic Ocean

Late Paleocene-Eocene Volcanic Events in the Northern North Atlantic Ocean

Provenance of coarse ice-rafted detritus near the SE Greenland margin

Evolution of the Vøring Volcanic Margin

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