Teste GIN (Gaps-in-Noise) em ouvintes normais com e sem zumbido

Abstract

Background: the Gaps-in-Noise (GIN) test assesses the auditory temporal resolution skill. Studies have described the GIN test an instrument of easy application and with good sensitivity and specificity. Aim: to compare the results of the GIN test in normal listeners with and without tinnitus and to correlate the obtained results with pure tone thresholds and age. Method: hearing tests were performed in 44 subjects (hearing threshold up to 25 dB HL in the frequencies of 0.25 to 8 kHz). Two groups were considered for comparison: the Control Group with 23 subjects, 8 men and 15 women, aged between 22-40 (mean 29.7), and the Research Group with 18 tinnitus patients, 3 men and 15 women, aged between 21-45 (mean 31.3). All subjects underwent pure tone audiometry, speech tests, acoustic immittance measurements and the GIN test. For the statistical analysis, the significance level of 0.05 was adopted. Results: considering pure tone audiometry, the overall mean for hearing thresholds was significantly higher for the Research Group when compared to the Control Group (p = 0.001). The comparison between the groups for the performance in the GIN test indicated that the Control Group detected gaps with a shorter time interval than the Research Group (p < 0.001). There was no correlation between the age of the subjects and the level of the GIN test. Conclusion: the GIN test identified deficit in the hearing skill of temporal resolution in patients with tinnitus. In the studied age group (21 to 45 years) there was no correlation between age and the results obtained in the GIN test. Key Words: Tinnitus; Auditory Perception; Hearing Tests; Hearing. ResumoTema: o teste Gaps-in-Noise (GIN) avalia a habilidade auditiva de resolução temporal. Estudos têm mostrado o teste GIN como um instrumento de fácil aplicação, com boa sensibilidade e especificidade. Objetivo: comparar os resultados do teste GIN em ouvintes normais com e sem zumbido e fazer a correlação entre os resultados deste, os limiares tonais e idade. Método: foram avaliados 44 adultos (limiares tonais 25 dBNA nas freqüências de 0,25 a 8 kHz), formando 2 grupos: Grupo Controle composto por 23 sujeitos, 8 homens e 15 mulheres, sem queixa de zumbido, idade entre 22 e 40 anos (média 29,7); Grupo Pesquisa formado por 18 indivíduos, 3 homens e 15 mulheres, com queixa de zumbido, idade entre 21 e 45 anos (média 31,3). Os sujeitos foram submetidos à audiometria tonal e vocal, imitanciometria e ao teste GIN. Para a análise estatística foi adotado nível de significância de 0.05. Resultados: na audiometria tonal, a média global dos limiares tonais foi mais elevada para o Grupo Pesquisa, comparado ao Grupo Controle (p = 0,001). A comparação do desempenho no teste GIN mostrou que o Grupo Controle detectou intervalos de silêncio em média com intervalo de tempo menor que o Grupo Pesquisa (p < 0,001). Não houve correlação entre a idade dos sujeitos e o limiar do GIN. Conclusão: o teste GIN identificou prejuízo na habilidade auditiva de resolução temporal nos indivíduos com zumbido....

Resolução temporal auditiva na migrânea menstrual

“…The results obtained in the Control Group and Study Group approached those found in the literature [10][11][12][13][14][15] . It can be considered that the samples of the present study are within the normal ranges.…”

The effect of tinnitus on some psychoacoustical abilities in individuals with normal hearing sensitivity

“…They postulated that the reason for poor gap detection could be that ongoing tinnitus masks the gap and results in impaired gap detection. Sanchez et al 13 used the Gap in noise test on normal hearing listeners to evaluate the auditory temporal resolution ability of 18 individuals with tinnitus and 23 individuals without tinnitus. They reported that individuals without tinnitus detected shorter gaps than individuals with tinnitus.…”

“…Sanchez et al 13 compared the results of the gaps in noise test in normal hearing subjects with and without tinnitus. Results showed that individuals with tinnitus detected silence gaps with larger time of interval than the non-tinnitus individuals; i.e.…”

Estudo comparativo dos resultados de testes de resolução temporal em jovens adultos

“…The stimuli were presented at 40 dB HL from the mean tonal thresholds at 500 Hz, 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 Hz, for each ear. The presentation was in the binaural condition, of a gap inserted in pairs of pure tones in the frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz, with intervals between the two pure tones that ranged from 0 to 40 ms (RGDT) 15 . The subject was instructed to indicate with his/her fingers the amount of one or two, referring to the number of stimuli detected.…”

“…The GIN test was also performed at 40 dB HL from the mean tonal thresholds of 500 Hz to 4000 Hz. Each of the test strips consists of the presentation of ten gaps (2,3,4,5,6,8,10,12,15 and 20 ms) with different durations, being presented six times each, for a total of 60 gaps. The subjects were told they would hear noises and, within these noises, there would be silence intervals (gaps), being up to 3 intervals of silence at the same noise and also noise without interval of silence.…”