“…This tendency to believe that violence among men is inherent has caused many to suggest that biology – especially testosterone – underlies this sex disparity in violent behavior (Batrinos, 2012; Terburg et al, 2009; Book, 2001; Nelson & Chiavegatto, 2001). This has, however, been challenged as a principle cause of aggression and violence (Duke et al, 2014; Fausto-Sterling, 1985; Lorber, 1994). Further, many argue that hormone production (including testosterone) interacts with social experiences and therefore is not a solely biological mechanism (Karkazis et al, 2012; Schulz et al, 1996).…”