Testosterone, free, bioavailable and total, in patients with COVID-19

Ilias, Ιoannis; Pratikaki, Maria; Diamantopoulos, Aristidis; Jahaj, Edison; Mourelatos, Panagiotis; Athanasiou, Nikolaos; Tsipilis, Stamatios; Zacharis, Alexandros; Vassiliou, Alice G.; Vassiliadi, Dimitra Argyro; Tsagarakis, Stylianos; Κοτανίδου, Αναστασία; Dimopoulou, Ioanna

doi:10.23736/s2724-6507.21.03610-1

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 23 publications

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“…Regarding men, analogous studies have yielded conflicting data: in one study total testosterone levels were higher in COVID-19 ICU patients [ 35 ], whereas in most other studies testosterone was lower compared to non-COVID-19 male ICU patients that served as control subjects [ 36 , 37 , 38 ]; in one study estradiol was also measured and was noted to be higher [ 36 ]. Bearing in mind that calculated free (FTe) and bioavailable (BavTe) testosterone may be more accurate measures of this hormone’s levels we measured total testosterone and calculated FTe/BavTe in 65 men with COVID-19 (of whom 10 were critically ill); all three measures were profoundly low, especially in the ICU patients and were associated with disease severity and worse prognosis [ 39 ].…”

Section: Endocrine Aspects Of Sars-cov-2 Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine Aspects of ICU-Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients

Diamantopoulos

Dimopoulou

Mourelatos

et al. 2022

JPM

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The unprecedented scale of the current SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic has led to an extensive—yet fragmented—assessment of its endocrine repercussions; in many reports, the endocrine aspects of COVID-19 are lumped together in intensive care unit (ICU) patients and non-ICU patients. In this brief review, we aimed to present endocrine alterations in ICU-hospitalized patients with COVID-19. There are tangible endocrine disturbances that may provide fertile ground for COVID-19, such as preexisting diabetes. Other endocrine disturbances accompany the disease and more particularly its severe forms. Up to the time of writing, no isolated robust endocrine/hormonal biomarkers for the prognosis of COVID-19 have been presented. Among those which may be easily available are admission glycemia, thyroid hormones, and maybe (OH)25-vitamin D3. Their overlap among patients with severe and less severe forms of COVID-19 may be considerable, so their levels may be indicative only. We have shown that insulin-like growth factor 1 may have prognostic value, but this is not a routine measurement. Possibly, as our current knowledge is expanding, the inclusion of selected routine endocrine/hormonal measurements into artificial intelligence/machine learning models may provide further information.

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