“…For instance, polymer‒peptide conjugates with long circulation time were engineered for tumor targeted delivery to improve therapeutic efficacy 2 , 3 or self-assembled peptide nanomaterials were designed for cancer diagnostics and therapy 4 , 5 . In particular, with the rapid development of precision medicine and biopharmaceuticals, peptides as important recognition elements were also used to construct biosensors for clinical diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring 6 , 7 , 8 or fabricate sorbents for the purification and bioanalysis of therapeutic proteins in bioengineering 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 . Therefore, the exploitation of peptide based biomaterials with desired properties will certainly gain more attention in future.…”