Textile finishing by laser

Abstract

Abstrakt: Laserska obrada uspešno zamenjuje mnoge tradicionalne načine obrade tekstila. Koriste se potpuno i delimično rezanje, graviranje i obeležavanje laserom. U poslednje vreme je popularna dekoracija tekstilnih materijala sa potpuno izrezanim oblicima. Pri delimičnom rezanju laserom se odvaja samo gornji sloj materijala. Ovom metodom se izrađuju različiti ukrasni vezovi, aplikacije i etikete. Graviranjem laser stvara udubljenje u materijalu. Graviranje se koristi u proizvodnji tepiha i prostirača a takođe i u izradi odevnih predmeta od pliša. Tokom laserskog obeležavanja laserski zrak samo blago menja osobine i izgled materijala, najčešće dolazi samo do promene boje materijala. Ova metoda se koristi u proizvodnji proizvoda od denima. Tekstilni materijali različitog porekla različito reaguju na laserki tretman. Pri rezanju laserom materijali prirodnog porekla isparavaju, nastaju glatke ivice ureza. Pri rezanju materijala sintetičkog porekla laser istopi materijal, vlakna i niti materijala se slepe što materijal štiti od paranja. Laserki tretman je efektivan za rezanje veštačkog krzna, čičak trake, vrlo laganih tekstilnih materijala i tekstila sa komplikovanim dezenima.Ključne reči: završna obrada tekstila, potpuno rezanje laserom, delimično rezanje laserom, graviranje laserom, obeležavanje laserom, denim završna obrada. TEXTILE FINISHING BY LASERApstract: Laser fi nishing is replacing many traditional textile decoration methods. Processing textile materials with laser through-cutting, kiss-cutting, engraving and marking are most often used decoration methods. During the last period of time fashionable are textiles with fully cut out diff erent shapes. Laser kiss cutting is used to cut the top layer of a textile material. Diff erent kind of multiple-layer embroideries, appliqués and labels are created using this method. During laser engraving, the material surface in certain places is melted and evaporated by the laser beam. Engraving is used in carpet and rug manufacturing, producing garments from textiles with low cut pile. During laser marking the laser beam only slightly alters material properties or appearance. The colour change of the treated material is widely used in denim fi nishing. Textiles of diff erent origin diff erently react on laser treatment. Natural materials vaporize resulting in smooth edges. Cutting synthetic materials, laser beam melts material edges and with it protects them from frying. Processing by laser is more eff ective in cutting artifi cial fur, velcro, very light textiles and materials with intricate patterns.

Laser treatment of high-performance Kynol fibers: An example as alternative tool for coloration and imaging on surfaces of high-performance fibers

“…Nowadays laser fi nishing is an innovative method established in textile industry especially developed for the treatment of denim. One big advantage of laser fi nishing is the lower consumption of chemicals and a less waste water production [5,6]. In this actually presented study, as Kynol fi ber materials a non-woven fi ber felt and a woven fabric are used.…”