Textural evolution of hierarchical nanostructured ZSM-5 via sono-hydrothermal design by various carbon shapes for efficient biodiesel production

Ultrasound-assisted rapid hydrothermal design of efficient nanostructured MFI-Type aluminosilicate catalyst for methanol to propylene reaction

“…1 . Two different phases of SiO 2 and ZSM-5 can be observed for the synthesized materials, which correspond to the high temperature synthetic conditions and our previous research results [29] , [39] . Comparison of these phases for samples indicates that the tetragonal structure of ZSM-5 and hexagonal phase of SiO 2 are observed in different ratios.…”

“…4 . Regarding the IUPAC classification, the isotherms of catalysts are classified as the type-I, indicating the formation of microporous structure [13] , [39] . In addition, the mesopore size distribution of catalysts is plotted in Fig.…”

Copper molybdate synthesized by sonochemistry route at room temperature as an efficient solid catalyst for esterification of oleic acid

“…Because esterification reactions are strongly dependent on temperature and reaction time [47] , the use of heterogeneous catalysts is decisive to reduce these parameters and, consequently, the final product's costs. Fig.…”

Nanoferrites heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production from soybean and canola oil: a review

“…It has become imperative and almost unavoidable to explore cleaner and renewable energy resources to meet these imposed requirements. Continuous efforts are being made to explore various suitable eco-friendly candidates that can either partially substitute or completely replace the conventional fossil-based fuels for power generation in existing powerplants (Abbasi et al 2011 ; Lelieveld et al 2019 ; Shokrani and Haghighi 2020 ). As a result, a gradual transition towards using clean energy driven by various policies and innovations in renewable energy production and consumption can be seen.…”