TFPPASV: A Three-Factor Privacy Preserving Authentication Scheme for VANETs

Abstract

A vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is essential for the autonomous vehicle industry, and with the advancement in VANET technology, security threats are increasing rapidly. Mitigation of these threats needs an intelligent security protocol that provides unbreakable security. In recent times, various three-factor authentication solutions for VANET were introduced that adopt the centralized Trusted Authority T A , which is responsible for assigning authentication parameters during vehicle registration, and the authentication process depends on these parameters. This article first explains the vulnerabilities of the recent three-factor (3F) authentication scheme presented by Xu et al. Our analysis proves that if an RSU is dishonest, it can easily bypass the T A and can create a session with OBU . Furthermore, this paper puts forward a new scheme that provides the 3F authentication for VANETs (TFPPASV) to resist RSU from bypassing the T A and to offer user privacy. The proposed scheme fulfills the security and performance requirements of the VANET. We use BAN-Logic analysis to perform a formal security analysis of the proposed scheme, in addition to the informal security feature discussion. Finally, we compare the security and performance of the proposed TFPPASV with some recent and related schemes.

Improvement of a Conditional Privacy-Preserving and Desynchronization-Resistant Authentication Protocol for IoV

“…Xu et al [20] also presented a three-factor CPPA scheme in VANETs. Duan et al [21] demonstrated that Xu et al's [20] protocol is insecure; in the presence of an untrustworthy RSU, it has the ability to circumvent the Trusted Authority (TA) and establish a session key directly with the vehicle. To solve this issue, Duan et al [21] proposed an improved scheme.…”

“…Duan et al [21] demonstrated that Xu et al's [20] protocol is insecure; in the presence of an untrustworthy RSU, it has the ability to circumvent the Trusted Authority (TA) and establish a session key directly with the vehicle. To solve this issue, Duan et al [21] proposed an improved scheme. However, Duan et al's [21] scheme lacks untraceable, known-session key secrecy and three-factor secrecy.…”

TCPPA-Three factor conditional privacy preserving authentication protocol for smart ambulance in the vehicular Adhoc environment

“…Efficiency With respect to Proposed scheme Amit [17] 8.20% less efficient Vangala (Case 1) [43] 28.97% less efficient Vangala (Case 2) [43] 29.96% less efficient Tan (V2RSU) [44] 213.85% less efficient Challa [45] 61.12% less efficient Anil Kumar [31] 44.11% less efficient Chen [46] 103.20% less efficient Palak (Case 1) [36] 2.77% more efficient Palak (Case 2) [36] 28.97% less efficient Cui [21] 92.78% less efficient Duan [47] 12.35% more efficient Zhang [48] 27.00% less efficient Vangala [34] 65.47% less efficient Sadhukhan [33] 28.8% less efficient…”

“…Amit [17] Vangala [43] Tan [44] Challa [45] Anil- [31] Cui- [21] Duan- [47] Zhang- [48] Fig. 2 Total computation cost related graph…”

“…Compared to the proposed scheme, the scheme is around 92.78% less efficient. • Duan et al[47] authentication scheme computation cost is 7.T e + 15.T h + 1.T f e ≈ 141.6 ms. Compared to the proposed scheme, the scheme is around 12.35% more efficient but the scheme is not secure their session key under CK adversary model as well as the scheme is also not proof the security analysis using ROR model and AVISPA tool.…”