The abbreviated injury scale: Evolution, usage and future adaptability

Petrucelli, Elaine; States, John D.; Hames, Lee N.

doi:10.1016/0001-4575(81)90040-3

Cited by 77 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Further, our participants with MTBI had to have an extracranial Abbreviated Injury Scale (Petrucelli et al, 1981) score ≤ 3 (“serious” on a scale of 1 [minor] to 6 [maximal] and, within the Scale, a modified Injury Severity Score of < 12 (on a scale of 1 [most minor] to 75 [most critical]). The Abbreviated Injury Scale defines the type, body region, and severity of a physical injury.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Longitudinal Investigation of Sleep Quality in Adolescents and Young Adults After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Schmidt

Li²,

Hanten

et al. 2015

Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology

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Objective and Background We examined sleep-related problems in adolescents and young adults after a mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) or orthopedic injury. We extended the analysis of data from a study of early emotional and neuropsychological sequelae in these populations (McCauley et al. 2014. J Neurotrauma. 31:914). Methods We gave the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to 77 participants with MTBI, 71 with orthopedic injury, and 43 non-injured controls. The age range was 12–30 years. We tested sleep quality within 96 hours of injury and at 1- and 3-month follow-up. Participants also completed measures of pain and fatigue, drug and alcohol use, and post-traumatic stress symptoms. Results Older participants (mean age = 25 years) in the MTBI group exhibited a sharp increase in sleep-related symptoms between the baseline assessment and 1 month, and still had difficulties at 3 months. Younger participants with MTBI (mean age = 15 years) and older participants with an orthopedic injury had modest increases in sleep difficulties between baseline and 1 month. The participants with MTBI also had more clinically significant sleep difficulties at all 3 assessments. At 3 months, PSQI scores in younger participants with MTBI and all participants with orthopedic injury did not differ significantly from the non-injured controls’. The controls had no significant change in their sleep symptoms during the 3 months. Conclusions Sleep difficulties in young adults may persist for ≤3 months after MTBI and exceed those after orthopedic injury. Clinicians should seek and treat sleep-related problems after MTBI.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Longitudinal Investigation of Sleep Quality in Adolescents and Young Adults After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Schmidt

Li²,

Hanten

et al. 2015

Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology

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“…Sport related injuries occurring at school were included. The abbreviated injury scale (AIS-80) 20 was used to classify the severity of the injury into three levels: AIS 1, minor; AIS 2, moderate; AIS 3-6, severe-fatal. 21 …”

Section: Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence based prevention of acute injuries during physical exercise in a WHO safe community

Timpka

Lindqvist²

2001

Br J Sports Med

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Objective-To evaluate a community based programme for evidence based prevention of injuries during physical exercise. Design-Quasi-experimental evaluation using an intervention population and a non-random control population. Participants-Study municipality (population 41 000) and control municipality (population 26 000) in Sweden. Main outcome measures-Morbidity rate for sports related injuries treated in the health care system; severity classification according to the abbreviated injury scale (AIS). Results-The total morbidity rate for sports related injuries in the study area decreased by 14% from 21 to 18 injuries per 1000 population years (odds ratio 0.87; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.79 to 0.96). No tendency towards a decrease was observed in people over 40. The rate of moderately severe injury (AIS 2) decreased to almost half (odds ratio 0.58; 95% CI 0.50 to 0.68), whereas the rate of minor injuries (AIS 1) increased (odds ratio 1.22; 95% CI 1.06 to 1.40). The risk of severe injuries (AIS 3-6) remained constant. The rate of total sports injury in the control area did not change (odds ratio 0.93; 95% CI 0.81 to 1.07), and the trends in the study and control areas were not statistically significantly diVerent. Conclusion-An evidence based prevention programme based on local safety rules and educational programmes can reduce the burden of injuries related to physical exercise in a community. Future studies need to look at adjusting the programme to benefit all age groups. (Br J Sports Med 2001;35:20-27)

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“…Physics-based animation research that explicitly deals with injury is limited, although several papers demonstrate its potential in that field [7,8]. Parameter optimization (one possible use for our injury measure) has been shown to lead to interesting behaviors [9][10][11]. For example, Wang et al [11] show how walking controllers can be made more robust by optimizing for random external perturbations.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injury Assessment for Physics-Based Characters

2011

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Abstract. Determining injury levels for virtual characters is an important aspect of many games. For characters that are animated using simulated physics, it is possible assess injury levels based on physical properties, such as accelerations and forces. We have constructed a model for injury assessment that relates results from research on human injury response to parameters in physics-based animation systems. We describe a set of different normalized injury measures for individual body parts, which can be combined into a single measure for total injury. Our research includes a user study in which human observers rate the injury levels of physics-based characters falling from varying heights at different orientations. Results show that the correlation between our model output and perceived injury is stronger than the correlation between perceived injury and fall height (0.603 versus 0.466, respectively, with N = 1020 and p < 0.001).

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The abbreviated injury scale: Evolution, usage and future adaptability

Cited by 77 publications

References 5 publications

A Longitudinal Investigation of Sleep Quality in Adolescents and Young Adults After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

A Longitudinal Investigation of Sleep Quality in Adolescents and Young Adults After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Evidence based prevention of acute injuries during physical exercise in a WHO safe community

Injury Assessment for Physics-Based Characters

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