The Age of Lake Iroquois and Lake Ontario

Karrow, P. F.; Clark, Joan R.; Terasmäe, J.

doi:10.1086/626782

Cited by 46 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…11-8 (12.9-8.9 cal) ka BP when Lake Ontario was below the site. Dated wood samples (S4:5a,b) higher in Burlington Bar were deposited in Lake Ontario as originally suggested (Karrow et al 1961). Fig.…”

Section: 2 Cal] Ka Bp)mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…This sample in silt and sand beneath Burlington Bar is interpreted here as detrital driftwood that was deposited elsewhere before being transported to and re-deposited in the Bar after 7.5 (8.3 cal) ka BP when lake level had risen above the elevation of S4:5c. Weathering of the till surface 4.6 m below S4:5c, which Karrow et al (1961) attributed to subaerial exposure, could have occurred during the previous millennia, e.g. 11-8 (12.9-8.9 cal) ka BP when Lake Ontario was below the site.…”

Section: 2 Cal] Ka Bp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present study departs from the previous interpretative paradigm which assumed that abundant water supply always existed and lakes always overflowed their basin outlets. Under this paradigm, water-level indicators were connected to the overflow outlet in lake-level reconstructions, as in Karrow et al (1961) and Anderson and Lewis (1985), with the consequence that closed-basin conditions (water level below outlet) could not be identified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A new water-level history for Lake Ontario basin: evidence for a climate-driven early Holocene lowstand

Anderson

Lewis

2011

J Paleolimnol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Piston cores from deep-water bottom deposits in Lake Ontario contain shallow-water sediments such as, shell-rich sand and silt, marl, gyttja, and formerly exposed shore deposits including woody detritus, peat, sand and gravel, that are indicative of past periods of significantly lower water levels. These and other water-level indicators such as changes in rates of sedimentation, mollusc shells, pollen, and plant macrofossils were integrated to derive a new water-level history for Lake Ontario basin using an empirical model of isostatic adjustment for the Great Lakes basin to restore dated remnants of former lake levels to their original elevations. The earliest dated low-level feature is the Grimsby-Oakville bar which was constructed in the western end of the lake during a near stillstand at 11-10.4 (12.9-12.3 cal) ka BP when Early Lake Ontario was confluent with the Champlain Sea. Rising Lake Ontario basin outlet sills, a consequence of differential isostatic rebound, severed the connection with Champlain Sea and, in combination with the switch of inflowing Lake Algonquin drainage northward to Ottawa River valley via outlets near North Bay and an early Holocene dry climate with enhanced evaporation, forced Lake Ontario into a basin-wide lowstand between 10.4 and 7.5 (12.3 and 8.3 cal) ka BP. During this time, Lake Ontario operated as a closed basin with no outlets, and sites such as Hamilton Harbour, Bay of Quinte, Henderson Harbor, and a site near Amherst Island existed as small isolated basins above the main lake characterized by shallow-water, lagoonal or marsh deposits and fossils indicative of littoral habitats and newly exposed mudflats. Rising lake levels resulting from increased atmospheric water supply brought Lake Ontario above the outlet sills into an open, overflowing state ending the closed phase of the lake by *7.5 (8.3 cal) ka BP. Lake levels continued to rise steadily above the Thousand Islands sill through mid-to-late Holocene time culminating at the level of modern Lake Ontario. The early and middle Holocene lake-level changes are supported by temperature and precipitation trends derived from pollen-climate transfer functions applied to Roblin Lake on the north side of Lake Ontario.Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (

show abstract

Section: 2 Cal] Ka Bp)mentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: 2 Cal] Ka Bp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A new water-level history for Lake Ontario basin: evidence for a climate-driven early Holocene lowstand

Anderson

Lewis

2011

J Paleolimnol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…(Dreimanis, 1958;Lewis, 1969 (Karrow, Clark, and Terasmae, 1961 (Boissonneau, 1968) and lies within narrow belt that was deglaciated between ca 11,000 to 10,000 BP according to Saarnisto (1974 Archeol, Simon Fraser Univ, British Columbia. Dated for basal date in lake core analyzed for pollen (White, Mathewes, and Mathews, 1979 Dark green-brown silty gyttpa at depth 6.85 to 7m in Core `C'.…”

Section: Wat-225 M-32mentioning

confidence: 99%

University of Waterloo Radiocarbon Dates I

Berry

Drimmie

1982

Radiocarbon

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A still higher and older stage, the Quaker Springs, has been recognized in the southern part of the Champlain basin (Woodworth, 1905b, p. 103;Stewart and MacClintock, 1969, p. 163;Connally and Sirkin, 1971). The marine invasion that followed Lake Vermont has long been known as the Champlain Sea (Karrow, 1961;Elson, 1969).…”

Section: Deposits and Shore Features Of Late-glacial Water Bodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pleistocene geology of the northeast Adirondack region, New York

Denny¹

1974

Professional Paper

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Age of Lake Iroquois and Lake Ontario

Cited by 46 publications

References 11 publications

A new water-level history for Lake Ontario basin: evidence for a climate-driven early Holocene lowstand

A new water-level history for Lake Ontario basin: evidence for a climate-driven early Holocene lowstand

University of Waterloo Radiocarbon Dates I

Pleistocene geology of the northeast Adirondack region, New York

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About