The Aggressivity of Light Trucks and Vans in Traffic Crashes

Abstract

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The effects of vehicle model and driver behavior on risk

“…For example, we intentionally divide the subcompact models into two groups, based on the observed risk to their drivers, in order demonstrate the large range in risk-to-drivers of individual subcompact models. The first analyses of this kind focused on driver fatality rates by vehicle type, based on estimated annual vehicle miles traveled, or VMT (Hollowell and Gabler, 1996;Gabler and Hollowell, 1998). Our analysis is similar, but examines model-dependent fatality rates by registered vehicles (as in IIHS, 2000;Farmer, 2001), and for both the drivers of the subject vehicle as well 9 as drivers in vehicles with which it collides (as in Joksch et al, 1998).…”

Increasing the Fuel Economy and Safety of New Light-DutyVehicles

“…Building on results by others (Hollowell and Gabler, 1996;Gabler and Hollowell, 1998;Joksch, 1998;Joksch et al, 1998;IIHS, 2000), Wenzel and Ross analyzed driver risk by vehicle type and model. "Risk" is the number of driver deaths per year of the selected vehicle, divided by the millions of these vehicles on the road.…”

To LDT or Not to LDT: Assessment of Principal Impacts of Light-Duty Trucks

“…GVWR), passenger cars and minivans are connected to 200 deaths per million registrations -in contrast to 330 for pickups (which is rather stable across all pickup weight classes) and 220 for SUVs. Gabler and Hollowell (1998) normalize the ratios of driver fatalities in other vehicles to the number of crashes of the subject vehicle and call these "aggressivity indices". They estimate these for full-size pickups to be 2.31, SUVs to be 1.91, small pickups to be 1.53, and minivans to be 1.46.…”

“…O' Donnell and Connor (1996) estimate that one's being an occupant of an LDT -rather than a passenger car -contributes in a statistically significant way toward the likelihood of severe injury and death in an accident. And Gabler and Hollowell (1998) point out that while light trucks and vans account for one-third of all registered light vehicles (up from just 20 percent in 1980), crashes between these and any other light vehicle characterize the majority of multi-vehicle collisions.…”

“…the Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards on gasoline consumption by cars, Gabler and Hollowell (1998) and Joksch (1998) have examined the relative fatality rates associated with different vehicle types, Palmer (1998) has examined the profitability issues for manufacturers, and Thorpe (1997) has considered the likely fleet-production effects of the distinct CAFE standards. With the recent and dramatic rise in sales of sport utility vehicles (SUVs), the popular media has reported on several of the differences in cars and SUVs (see, e.g., Bradsher 1997, Sacramento Bee 1997, Newsweek 1999.…”