The Alveolar Macrophage

Bowden, D. H.

doi:10.2307/3429712

Cited by 31 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Migration of these proliferating interstitial cells into the alveolar lumen is responsible for maintaining numbers of alveolar macrophages over extended time periods. It should also be noted that free macrophages in the alveolar lumen can divide, although such events are relatively rare (Bowden 1984;Lohmann-Matthes, Steinmüller, and Franke-Ullmann 1994). Both the earlier and more recent studies show that the macrophage population is not a finite pool but, instead, can be increased or replenished when challenged or depleted (Bowden 1984;Hashimoto et al 2013;Yona et al 2013;Holt et al 2008).…”

Section: Other Incidental Lung Changes That May Occur In Inhalation Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under conditions of a pronounced continuing and sudden particle burden (intratracheal instillation), alveolar macrophages originate both from circulating monocyte pools and from interstitial mononuclear cell pools, which leads to a biphasic response by macrophages (Bowden 1984). High particle loads can induce substantive increases (as much as 10-fold) of alveolar macrophages within 24 hr, prior to any increase in division of interstitial macrophages, due to newly migrating monocytes from the circulation.…”

Section: Other Incidental Lung Changes That May Occur In Inhalation Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some monocytes were thought to migrate directly from the circulation into the alveolar lumen, while others were thought to take up residence in the alveolar interstitium with a small proportion of the cells in the interstitium continuing to divide. Several studies suggested that under basal conditions, the majority of alveolar macrophages came from direct influx of circulating monocytes from venules, which occurred fairly rapidly, while only a minor component came from the resident interstitial cells that migrated into alveoli (Bowden 1984;Pérez-Arellano, Alcázar-Montero, and Jiménez-López 1990;Laskin, Weinberger, and Laskin 2001). More recent investigations suggest that under steady state conditions, lung macrophages proliferate locally in adult animals with minimal contribution from circulating monocytes (Hashimoto et al 2013;Yona et al 2013;Holt et al 2008).…”

Section: Other Incidental Lung Changes That May Occur In Inhalation Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Macrophages, in order to be effective, need to respond rapidly to an increased burden of particulate matter, whether this increased burden is pronounced and sudden or is introduced gradually over a protracted period. In general, there is a direct relationship between the particulate load reaching the alveoli and the accumulation of alveolar macrophages within terminal air spaces (Bowden 1984;Brain 1971).…”

Section: Other Incidental Lung Changes That May Occur In Inhalation Smentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

STP Position Paper

Nikula¹,

McCartney

McGovern³

et al. 2013

Toxicol Pathol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Scientific and Regulatory Policy Committee of the Society of Toxicologic Pathology (STP) appointed a working group to address risk assessment for increases in alveolar macrophages following inhalation of pharmaceutical materials. This position paper provides recommendations for inhalation study-specific terminology and interpretation based on literature and information from marketed inhaled drugs. Based on a weight-ofthe-evidence approach, and with appropriate consideration of the physical and pharmacological characteristics of the compound, uncomplicated increases in the size or number of alveolar macrophages in nonclinical species are interpreted as nonadverse.

show abstract

Section: Other Incidental Lung Changes That May Occur In Inhalation Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Other Incidental Lung Changes That May Occur In Inhalation Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Other Incidental Lung Changes That May Occur In Inhalation Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Other Incidental Lung Changes That May Occur In Inhalation Smentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

STP Position Paper

Nikula¹,

McCartney

McGovern³

et al. 2013

Toxicol Pathol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…AMs are a major resident cell in alveoli and interstitial spaces of the lung. 10 AMs can eliminate the foreign antigens by phagocytosis and microbicidal enzymes, and also regulate inflammatory responses by secreting proinflammatory cytokines such as interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. 11,12 AMs are known to be required to induce protective immune responses against bacteria, fungi, and viruses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory syncytial virus-like nanoparticle vaccination induces long-term protection without pulmonary disease by modulating cytokines and T-cells partially through alveolar macrophages

Lee¹,

Ko²,

Hwang³

et al. 2015

IJN

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The mechanisms of protection against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are poorly understood. Virus-like nanoparticles expressing RSV glycoproteins (eg, a combination of fusion and glycoprotein virus-like nanoparticles [FG VLPs]) have been suggested to be a promising RSV vaccine candidate. To understand the roles of alveolar macrophages (AMs) in inducing long-term protection, mice that were 12 months earlier vaccinated with formalin-inactivated RSV (FI-RSV) or FG VLPs were treated with clodronate liposome prior to RSV infection. FI-RSV immune mice with clodronate liposome treatment showed increases in eosinophils, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, interleukin (IL)-4 + T-cell infiltration, proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and, in particular, mucus production upon RSV infection. In contrast to FI-RSV immune mice with severe pulmonary histopathology, FG VLP immune mice showed no overt sign of histopathology and significantly lower levels of eosinophils, T-cell infiltration, and inflammatory cytokines, but higher levels of interferon-γ, which are correlated with protection against RSV disease. FG VLP immune mice with depletion of AMs showed increases in inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, as well as eosinophils. The results in this study suggest that FG nanoparticle vaccination induces long-term protection against RSV and that AMs play a role in the RSV protection by modulating eosinophilia, mucus production, inflammatory cytokines, and T-cell infiltration.

show abstract

Hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe imaging of embryonic stem cell‐derived alveolar‐like macrophages in rat lungs: proof‐of‐concept study using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

Riberdy

Litvack

Stirrat

et al. 2019

Magnetic Resonance in Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: To measure regional changes in hyperpolarized 129 Xe MRI signal and apparent transverse relaxation (T * 2) because of instillation of SPION-labeled alveolarlike macrophages (ALMs) in the lungs of rats and compare to histology. Methods: MRI was performed in 6 healthy mechanically ventilated rats before instillation, as well as 5 min and 1 h after instillation of 4 million SPION-labeled ALMs into either the left or right lung. T * 2 maps were calculated from 2D multi-echo data at each time point and changes in T * 2 were measured and compared to control rats receiving 4 million unlabeled ALMs. Histology of the ex vivo lungs was used to compare the regional MRI findings with the locations of the SPION-labeled ALMs. Results: Regions of signal loss were observed immediately after instillation of unlabeled and SPION-labeled ALMs and persisted at least 1 h in the case of the SPIONlabeled ALMs. This was reflected in the measurements of T * 2. One hour after the instillation of SPION-labeled ALMs, the T * 2 decreased to 54.0 ± 7.0% of the baseline, compared to a full recovery to baseline after the instillation of unlabeled ALMs. Histology confirmed the co-localization of SPION-labeled ALMs with regions of signal loss and T * 2 decreases for each rat. Conclusion: Hyperpolarized 129 Xe MRI can detect the presence of SPION-labeled ALMs in the airways 1 h after instillation. This approach is promising for targeting and tracking of stem cells for the treatment of lung disease. K E Y W O R D S alveolar-like macrophages, hyperpolarized, lung, SPIONs, xenon 1 | INTRODUCTION Cellular therapy involves the administration of stem cells, or their derivatives, into a patient to promote the repair of diseased or injured tissue and potentially restore normal function. 1 Stem cell therapies using various types of cells have been studied for treatment of cardiac disease 2 and neurodegenerative disorders. 3,4 Mesenchymal stromal cells, a type of multipotent adult stem cell isolated from bone marrow, have been studied for treatment of various lung diseases. 5,6

show abstract

The Alveolar Macrophage

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

STP Position Paper

STP Position Paper

Respiratory syncytial virus-like nanoparticle vaccination induces long-term protection without pulmonary disease by modulating cytokines and T-cells partially through alveolar macrophages

Hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe imaging of embryonic stem cell‐derived alveolar‐like macrophages in rat lungs: proof‐of‐concept study using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

The Alveolar Macrophage

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

STP Position Paper

STP Position Paper

Respiratory syncytial virus-like nanoparticle vaccination induces long-term protection without pulmonary disease by modulating cytokines and&nbsp;T-cells partially through alveolar macrophages

Hyperpolarized 129Xe imaging of embryonic stem cell‐derived alveolar‐like macrophages in rat lungs: proof‐of‐concept study using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Respiratory syncytial virus-like nanoparticle vaccination induces long-term protection without pulmonary disease by modulating cytokines and T-cells partially through alveolar macrophages

Hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe imaging of embryonic stem cell‐derived alveolar‐like macrophages in rat lungs: proof‐of‐concept study using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles