The Amounts and Distribution of some Phosphorus and Nitrogen Compounds in wheat During Growth.

Knowles, Frank; Watkin, J. E.

doi:10.1017/s0021859600054575

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that phytate P constitutes from 49 to 80% of total P of the wheat grain (Knowles and Watkins, 1932;Booth et al, 1941;Asada et al, 1968; Nelson et al, 1968; O'Dell et al, 1972;Abernethy et al, 1973;Bassiri, 1975,1976). In the present study, the ranges for the varieties under dryland were 38-77 and for those under irrigation 73-94%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in concentrations and interrelationships of phytate, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, zinc, and iron in wheat varieties grown under dryland and irrigated conditions

Bassiri¹,

Nahapetian²

1977

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Figure 3. Tetrasaccharides (nystose and fructosylraffinose) in developing cereal grains.maltotriose were present in triticales in very small amounts only, which was unexpected because of the reported high -amylase activity in these grains. It is postulated that any starch degradation due to -amylase activity is minimal. It is unlikely that kernel shriveling in triticale is a result of -amylase degradation of starch.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in concentrations and interrelationships of phytate, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, zinc, and iron in wheat varieties grown under dryland and irrigated conditions

Bassiri¹,

Nahapetian²

1977

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…per acre), and at two stages of growth. Treatment had little effect upon the amount of growth, and the absence of any considerable effects upon the total or inorganicphosphorus contents indicates that little extra phosphorus was taken into the plants .. Knowles and Watkin (1932), using fieid-grown wheat, determined phosphatide, phytin, and "inorganic" phosphorus, firstly, in the total shoots and later in ears and straw separately (9 growth stages in all). Their work is open to criticism in that they air-dried their material, thus giving greater opportunity for hydrolysis and other changes during drying.…”

Section: General Discussion (A) Phosphorus Fractionation In Plantmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Phosphorus Supply on The Rates of Intake of Phosphorus and Nitrogen and Upon Certain Aspects of Phosphorus Metabolism in Gramineous Plants

Williams¹

1948

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

194

117

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SummaryFor experiments previously described, new data are presented relating to the intake of phosphorus by gramineous plants, its distribution within the plant, and its partition in the leaves between alcohol-soluble, nucleic-acid, and "residual" phosphorus.Major determinants of the rate of intake of phosphorus by the plant are: ( a) the demand set up by the growth and normal functioning of various plant parts, and (b) the concentration of the nutrient in the medium.It is considered that the indirect effect of phosphorus treatment on growth, and hence on demand, is more important than the direct effects of external concentration of phosphorus on the rates of intake of that nutrient.Even when growth is not limited by the supply of phosphorus, the rate of intake is limited by the maximal capacity of successive plant parts for accumulation.For the oat experiment, rates of intake of phosphorus and nitrogen are expressed per unit weight of root system. With nitrogen, the supply of which was the same for all treatments, large initial effects of phosphorus treatment on the rates of intake are accounted for in terms of differences in the ratios of roots to shoots.Phosphorus-deficient oat plants derived only 30 per cent. of their inflorescence phosphorus from other plant parts; those with an excessive supply derived no less than 93 per cent. of their inflorescence phosphorus from these sources.The percentage phosphorus contents of the stems, leaves, and roots fell ultimately to lower values with a moderate supply of phosphorus than they did with the deficient supply. A more efficient re-utilization of phosphorus in the plants receiving the greater supply is favoured as an interpretation of this "dilution" effect.From an examination of the data for protein-nitrogen and nucleic-acid phosphorus in the leaves of young plants, it is concluded that the effects of phosphorus treatment on protein-nitrogen content at this stage are due primarily to variation in nucleoprotein content.With phosphorus deficiency, oat seedlings soon exhausted their seed reserves of phosphorus, and this was followed by a drastic change in the partitioning of leaf phosphorus, such that absolute nucleic-acid phosphorus was reduced to one-fifth of the value obtaining eleven days earlier, alcohol-soluble phosphorus decreased slightly, and the water-soluble fractions represented by "residual" phosphorus increased by 30 per cent. Total phosphorus was virtually unchanged in amount. During this same period of eleven days, the whole of the phosphorus intake from the medium was retained by the roots, and there was a stimulation of root growth relative to leaf growth. These facts suggest that the high root weight ratios found with phosphorus deficiency may be due to the fixation in organic forms of a greater proportion of the absorbed phosphorus, so that relatively little is available for shoot growth. The literature relating to the partitioning of phosphorus within plant tissues is discussed and, where comparisons are relevant, this is in substantial agreemen...

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“…Most of the acid·stable organic phosphorus in endosperm during this period is present as phytic acid (Knowles and Watkin 1922;Harris and Mosher 1934). The relative concentrations of inorganic phosphate and of acid· labile phosphorus decline…”

Section: Whereas Inorganic Phosphorus Previously Increased In Amountmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Nucleic Acids and Other Phosphorus-Containing Compounds of Developing Wheat Grain

Jennings¹,

Morton²

1963

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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In both tho developing endosperm and testa-perica.rp thero was a relationship between the content of inorganic phosphorus, acid-soluble acid-labile phosphorus, and acid-soluble organic phosphorus ("phytic acid"), and the water content. The times of restriction of supply of water to the endosperm and to the testa-perion!'p fairly closely corresponded with the times of initiation of rapid synthei?-is of phytic acid and of a corresponding rapid decline in content of inorganic phosphorus and reactive phosphoryl groups.The changes in DNA content of the endosperm indicate that rapid cell division occurred in the endosperm until about 14 days after flowering and further inc-rease in size was due to cell expansion. The DNA content of the testa-pericarp indicates that the number of cells present vms essentially constant throughout the period of development studied. In the endosperm, RNA increased rapidly during tho period of cell division and thereafter the amount remained constant or declined slightly; the RNA content of the testa-pericarp showed little change during development, in agreement with the low rate of protein synthesis in this tissue.The changes in lipid and lipid-phosphorus content probably reflected the expected increase in t,he amount of intracellular membranes.

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The Amounts and Distribution of some Phosphorus and Nitrogen Compounds in wheat During Growth.

Cited by 17 publications

References 4 publications

Differences in concentrations and interrelationships of phytate, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, zinc, and iron in wheat varieties grown under dryland and irrigated conditions

Differences in concentrations and interrelationships of phytate, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, zinc, and iron in wheat varieties grown under dryland and irrigated conditions

The Effects of Phosphorus Supply on The Rates of Intake of Phosphorus and Nitrogen and Upon Certain Aspects of Phosphorus Metabolism in Gramineous Plants

Changes in Nucleic Acids and Other Phosphorus-Containing Compounds of Developing Wheat Grain

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