“…Crossing over with the other literature streams, there is also a live debate about which strategy is best in different situations (Cannas et al, 2019;Cannas et al, 2020a;Gosling et al, 2017Gosling et al, , 2015bJohnsson, 2013;Schoenwitz et al, 2017Schoenwitz et al, , 2012Semini et al, 2014;Willner et al, 2016b), underling the need to understand also what lean or agile practice is suitable according to the potential different order fulfilment strategies employed by the ETO companies. Also, only three papers explored the flexibility and agility of ETO situations (Godinho Filho et al, 2017;Gosling et al, 2013b;Zennaro et al, 2019), only one focusing on the agile practices. Godinho Filho et al (2017), in fact, empirically investigated the application of Quick Response Manufacturing (QRM) practices in make-to-order and ETO situations and underlined that the use of lean favours the adoption of QRM.…”