The AquaNES Project: Coupling Riverbank Filtration and Ultrafiltration in Drinking Water Treatment

Haas, Robert de; Opitz, Ruediger; Grischek, Thomas; Otter, Philipp

doi:10.3390/w11010018

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…During the biological purification process in the SBR system, the presence of Escherichia coli did not change, while Enterococci decreased to an average of 3 CFU per 100 mL of sample. Then, ultrafiltration for each UF membranes resulted in the complete removal of the determined pathogens [41]. High pathogen removal from the E. coli group was also noted in the SMBR system from Khalid Bani-Melhem et al [3].…”

Section: Microbiological Quality Of Grey Watermentioning

confidence: 91%

Advanced Treatment of Real Grey Water by SBR Followed by Ultrafiltration—Performance and Fouling Behavior

Kamińska

Marszałek

2020

Water

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Grey water has been identified as a potential source of water in a number of applications e.g., toilet flushing, laundering in first rinsing, floor cleaning, and irrigation. The major obstacle to the reuse of grey water relates to pathogens, nutrients, and organic matter found in grey water. Therefore, much effort has been put to treat grey water, in order to yield high-quality water deprived of bacteria and with an appropriate value in a wide range of quality parameters (Total Organic Carbon (TOC), nitrate, phosphate, ammonium, pH, and absorbance), similar to the values for tap water. The aim of this study was to treat the real grey water, and turn it into high-quality, safe water. For this purpose, the real grey water was treated by means of a sequential biological reactor (SBR) followed by ultrafiltration. Initially, grey water was treated in a laboratory SBR reactor with a capacity of 3 L, operated in a 24 h cycle. Then, SBR effluent was purified in a cross-flow ultrafiltration setup. Treatment efficiency in SBR and ultrafiltration was assessed using extended physicochemical and microbiological analyses (pH, conductivity, color, absorbance, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5), nitrate, phosphate, ammonium, total nitrogen, phenol index, nonionic and anionic surfactants, TOC, Escherichia coli, and enterococci). Additionally, ultrafiltration was evaluated in terms of fouling behavior for three polymer membranes with different MWCO (molecular weight cut-off). The values of quality parameters (pH, conductivity, COD, BOD5, TOC, N-NH4+, N-NO3−, Ntot, and P-PO43−) measured in SBR effluent did not exceed permissible values for wastewater discharged to soil and water. Ultrafiltration provided the high-quality water with very low values of COD (5.8–18.1 mg/L), TOC (0.47–2.19 mg/L), absorbanceUV254 (0.015–0.048 1/cm), color (10–29 mgPt/L) and concentration of nitrate (0.18–0.56 mg/L), phosphate (0.9–2.1 mg/L), ammonium (0.03–0.11 mg/L), and total nitrogen (3.3–4.7 mg/L) as well as lack of E. coli and enterococci. Membrane structural and surface properties did not affect the treatment efficiency, but did influence the fouling behavior.

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Section: Microbiological Quality Of Grey Watermentioning

confidence: 91%

Advanced Treatment of Real Grey Water by SBR Followed by Ultrafiltration—Performance and Fouling Behavior

Kamińska

Marszałek

2020

Water

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“…It was discussed in Section 4.2 that the geochemical facies at the pumping wells are controlled by mixing between Lake A and Lake B. Hence, we used the binary mixing model of Equations (1) and (2) to estimate the relative contributions of each lake to the pumping wells. In this section, we first present the temporal and vertical variability of EC at Lake A and Lake B in order to define the end-member values.…”

Section: Ec Time-varying Mixing Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bank filtration (BF) is known as a cost-effective treatment step to produce drinking water [1,2]. This natural or artificially induced process occurs as surface water infiltrates into the aquifer from the banks and/or bed of a lake or a river and is subsequently intercepted by a pumping well [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropic and Meteorological Controls on the Origin and Quality of Water at a Bank Filtration Site in Canada

Masse-Dufresne

Baudron

Barbecot

et al. 2019

Water

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At many bank filtration (BF) sites, mixing ratios between the contributing sources of water are typically regarded as values with no temporal variation, even though hydraulic conditions and pumping regimes can be transient. This study illustrates how anthropic and meteorological forcings influence the origin of the water of a BF system that interacts with two lakes (named A and B). The development of a time-varying binary mixing model based on electrical conductivity (EC) allowed the estimation of mixing ratios over a year. A sensitivity analysis quantified the importance of considering the temporal variability of the end-members for reliable results. The model revealed that the contribution from Lake A may vary from 0% to 100%. At the wells that were operated continuously at >1000 m3/day, the contribution from Lake A stabilized between 54% and 78%. On the other hand, intermittent and occasional pumping regimes caused the mixing ratios to be controlled by indirect anthropic and/or meteorological forcing. The flow conditions have implications for the quality of the bank filtrate, as highlighted via the spatiotemporal variability of total Fe and Mn concentrations. We therefore propose guidelines for rapid decision-making regarding the origin and quality of the pumped drinking water.

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“…Usually, hydraulic cleaning methods are used to prolong membrane cycles between chemical cleaning. However, hydraulic cleaning (backwashing) was reported to account for 17% of the total energy consumption for river water treatment or 0.425 kWh/m 3 [ 48 ]. In addition, to implement backwashing, the filtration system has to be stopped, thus interrupting system operation [ 31 ].…”

Section: Reversible Fouling Treatment (Physical Methods)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cleaning Methods for Ceramic Ultrafiltration Membranes Affected by Organic Fouling

Gruškeviča

Mežule

2021

Membranes

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The use of ceramic membranes in the treatment and processing of various liquids, including those of organic origin, has increased tremendously at the industrial level. Apart from the selection of the most appropriate membrane materials and operational conditions, suitable membrane cleaning procedures are a must to minimize fouling and increase membrane lifespan. The review summarizes currently available and practiced non-reagent and cleaning-in-place methods for ceramic membranes that are used in the treatment of organic liquids, thus causing organic fouling. Backflushing, backwashing, and ultrasound represent the most often used physical methods for reversible fouling treatment. At the same time, the use of alkalis, e.g, sodium hydroxide, acids, or strong oxidants are recommended for cleaning of irreversible fouling treatment.

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The AquaNES Project: Coupling Riverbank Filtration and Ultrafiltration in Drinking Water Treatment

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

Advanced Treatment of Real Grey Water by SBR Followed by Ultrafiltration—Performance and Fouling Behavior

Advanced Treatment of Real Grey Water by SBR Followed by Ultrafiltration—Performance and Fouling Behavior

Anthropic and Meteorological Controls on the Origin and Quality of Water at a Bank Filtration Site in Canada

Cleaning Methods for Ceramic Ultrafiltration Membranes Affected by Organic Fouling

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