The ArcAB two-component regulatory system promotes resistance to reactive oxygen species and systemic infection by Salmonella Typhimurium

Pardo-Esté, Coral; Hidalgo, Alejandro A.; Aguirre, Camila; Inostroza, Ana; Briones, Alan C.; Cabezas, Carolina; Castro‐Severyn, Juan; Fuentes, Juan A.; Opazo, María Cecilia; Riedel, Claudia A.; Otero, Carolina; Pacheco, Rodrigo; Valvano, Miguel A.; Saavedra, Claudia P.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0203497

Cited by 36 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…It participates in Salmonella adaptation to changing oxygen levels. ArcAB is also involved in promoting bacterial intracellular survival (Lim et al, 2013; Pardo-Esté et al, 2018).…”

Section: The Regulation Of Spi-1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 1 (SPI-1) and Its Complex Regulatory Network

Lou

Zhang

Piao

et al. 2019

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

239

184

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Salmonella species can infect a diverse range of birds, reptiles, and mammals, including humans. The type III protein secretion system (T3SS) encoded by Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1) delivers effector proteins required for intestinal invasion and the production of enteritis. The T3SS is regarded as the most important virulence factor of Salmonella . SPI-1 encodes transcription factors that regulate the expression of some virulence factors of Salmonella , while other transcription factors encoded outside SPI-1 participate in the expression of SPI-1-encoded genes. SPI-1 genes are responsible for the invasion of host cells, regulation of the host immune response, e.g., the host inflammatory response, immune cell recruitment and apoptosis, and biofilm formation. The regulatory network of SPI-1 is very complex and crucial. Here, we review the function, effectors, and regulation of SPI-1 genes and their contribution to the pathogenicity of Salmonella .

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“…It participates in Salmonella adaptation to changing oxygen levels. ArcAB is also involved in promoting bacterial intracellular survival (Lim et al, 2013; Pardo-Esté et al, 2018).…”

Section: The Regulation Of Spi-1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 1 (SPI-1) and Its Complex Regulatory Network

Lou

Zhang

Piao

et al. 2019

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

239

184

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Other redox sensors primarily known to be involved in ROS resistance have also been described in HOCl response in Gram-negative bacteria. These include the two-component system aerobic respiration control (ArcAB) [ 82 , 143 , 144 ], SylA [ 145 ] and OhrR [ 134 ], which are members of the MarR family, PerR, which belongs to the Fur family [ 70 ], and ComR, controlled by the TetR family [ 70 ].…”

Section: Adaptive Response Of Gram-negative Cells To Hoclmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surviving Reactive Chlorine Stress: Responses of Gram-Negative Bacteria to Hypochlorous Acid

2020

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Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and its active ingredient, hypochlorous acid (HOCl), are the most commonly used chlorine-based disinfectants. HOCl is a fast-acting and potent antimicrobial agent that interacts with several biomolecules, such as sulfur-containing amino acids, lipids, nucleic acids, and membrane components, causing severe cellular damage. It is also produced by the immune system as a first-line of defense against invading pathogens. In this review, we summarize the adaptive responses of Gram-negative bacteria to HOCl-induced stress and highlight the role of chaperone holdases (Hsp33, RidA, Cnox, and polyP) as an immediate response to HOCl stress. We also describe the three identified transcriptional regulators (HypT, RclR, and NemR) that specifically respond to HOCl. Besides the activation of chaperones and transcriptional regulators, the formation of biofilms has been described as an important adaptive response to several stressors, including HOCl. Although the knowledge on the molecular mechanisms involved in HOCl biofilm stimulation is limited, studies have shown that HOCl induces the formation of biofilms by causing conformational changes in membrane properties, overproducing the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix, and increasing the intracellular concentration of cyclic-di-GMP. In addition, acquisition and expression of antibiotic resistance genes, secretion of virulence factors and induction of the viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state has also been described as an adaptive response to HOCl. In general, the knowledge of how bacteria respond to HOCl stress has increased over time; however, the molecular mechanisms involved in this stress response is still in its infancy. A better understanding of these mechanisms could help understand host-pathogen interactions and target specific genes and molecules to control bacterial spread and colonization.

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“…ArcB (STY3507) ArcA (STY4947) Global aerobic respiration control; oxidative stress [38,39]; SPI-1 activation [40]; motility [41]; defective in invasion and survival [42] BaeS (STY2343) BaeR (STY2155) Envelope stress: (antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and metal resistance) [43,44] CitA (STY0062) CitB (STY0061) Anaerobic citrate fermentation a [45] CheA (STY2130) CheY (STY2125) Chemotaxis; required for virulence in mice [46], and in invasion [47] CopS (STY1127) CopR (STY1128) Uncharacterized a…”

Section: Sk Rr Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Roles for Two-Component System Response Regulators of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi during Host Cell Interactions

2020

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In order to survive external stresses, bacteria need to adapt quickly to changes in their environment. One adaptive mechanism is to coordinate and alter their gene expression by using two-component systems (TCS). TCS are composed of a sensor kinase that activates a transcriptional response regulator by phosphorylation. TCS are involved in motility, virulence, nutrient acquisition, and envelope stress in many bacteria. The pathogenic bacteria Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) possess 30 TCSs, is specific to humans, and causes typhoid fever. Here, we have individually deleted each of the 30 response regulators. We have determined their role during interaction with host cells (epithelial cells and macrophages). Deletion of most of the systems (24 out of 30) resulted in a significant change during infection. We have identified 32 new phenotypes associated with TCS of S. Typhi. Some previously known phenotypes associated with TCSs in Salmonella were also confirmed. We have also uncovered phenotypic divergence between Salmonella serovars, as distinct phenotypes between S. Typhi and S. Typhimurium were identified for cpxR. This finding highlights the importance of specifically studying S. Typhi to understand its pathogenesis mechanisms and to develop strategies to potentially reduce typhoid infections.

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The ArcAB two-component regulatory system promotes resistance to reactive oxygen species and systemic infection by Salmonella Typhimurium

Cited by 36 publications

References 77 publications

Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 1 (SPI-1) and Its Complex Regulatory Network

Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 1 (SPI-1) and Its Complex Regulatory Network

Surviving Reactive Chlorine Stress: Responses of Gram-Negative Bacteria to Hypochlorous Acid

New Roles for Two-Component System Response Regulators of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi during Host Cell Interactions

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