The Archean granulite-enderbite complex of the northern Carajás province, Amazonian craton (Brazil): Origin and implications for crustal growth and cratonization

Geothermobarometry and geochemical modeling of Archean charnockites from Carajás Province, Amazonian craton, Brazil

“…The first records of rocks from the charnockitic series (admitting its igneous origin) have been documented recently in Carajás Province, when the Geological Survey of Brazil (CPRM) redefined the 'granulitic' Pium complex unit as the 'igneous' Pium diopside-norite (Vasquez et al 2008), which was later corroborated by Santos et al (2013), who obtained Neoarchean crystallization ages of 2.74-2.73 Ga for gabbronorite, orthopyroxene-bearing quartz gabbro, diorite, and tonalite related to this unit. Marangoanha et al (2019a) identified orthopyroxene-bearing tonalite, trondhjemite, and scarce quartz diorite, formally named the Café enderbite, forming three E-W-trending lenticular plutons (up to ~5 km long) associated spatially with the Pium diopside-norite dated at 2.75-2.73 Ga. Through geochemical modeling, these authors attributed generation of the less evolved melt (quartz diorite) from this enderbitic assemblage to partial melting of a mafic granulitic source.…”

“…In contrast to the first two domains above, the Canaã dos Carajás domain displays a more heterogeneous lithology (Feio et al 2012) and represents a high-grade granulitic terrane with complex geologic evolution (Pidgeon et al 2000, Marangoanha et al 2019a, Silva et al 2021. Mesoarchean units (3.06-2.83 Ga) are composed of granulites, orthogneisses, migmatites, tonalites, trondhjemites, and granites (Machado et al 1991, Avelar et al 1999, Pidgeon et al 2000, Moreto et al 2011, Melo et al 2014, Rodrigues et al 2014, Marangoanha et al 2019a, Silva et al 2021. The Neoarchean units (2.77-2.70 Ga) are represented by granitic and mafic-ultramafic rocks, charnockites-enderbites, greenstone belts, and sedimentary rocks (Nogueira et al 1995, Vasquez et al 2008, Marangoanha et al 2019a, 2019b; Fig.…”

“…Mesoarchean units (3.06-2.83 Ga) are composed of granulites, orthogneisses, migmatites, tonalites, trondhjemites, and granites (Machado et al 1991, Avelar et al 1999, Pidgeon et al 2000, Moreto et al 2011, Melo et al 2014, Rodrigues et al 2014, Marangoanha et al 2019a, Silva et al 2021. The Neoarchean units (2.77-2.70 Ga) are represented by granitic and mafic-ultramafic rocks, charnockites-enderbites, greenstone belts, and sedimentary rocks (Nogueira et al 1995, Vasquez et al 2008, Marangoanha et al 2019a, 2019b; Fig. 1C).…”

“…Carajás Province (Amazonian craton, Brazil) records significant occurrences of charnockitic series rocks, in which orthopyroxene has been attributed to a magmatic origin (Santos et al 2013, Marangoanha et al 2019a, Félix et al 2020. These rocks comprise a wide compositional range, varying from granodiorites to tonalites and trondhjemites, with associated quartz diorites and gabbros, and their investigation has produced important understanding concerning the Neoarchean evolution in this portion of the crust.…”

Integrated Geochemical Assessment of Soils and Stream Sediments to Evaluate Source-Sink Relationships and Background Variations in the Parauapebas River Basin, Eastern Amazon

“…Rio Maria-Sapucaia-Canaã dos Carajás domains (RM-S-CC): It is restricted to the south of PB (Figure 1d), and is composed essentially of Mesoarchean tonalitetrondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) series associated with greenstone belt sequences and calc-alkaline granites to tonalites and sanukitoids [25][26][27][28]. Neoarchean A-type like granitoids, charnockitic rocks, mafic-ultramafic bodies, and Paleoproterozoic anorogenic granites crosscut the Mesoarchean units [25,[29][30][31][32][33].…”