The association between cervical lordosis and age, sex, history of cervical trauma and sedentarity: A CT study

Ezra, David; Kalichman, Leonid; Simonovich, Azaria; Droujin, Jonathan; Been, Ella; Alperovitch‐Najenson, Deborah

doi:10.17352/aap.000014

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Marginal bony growths of the vertebral bodies and the articular surfaces of the intervertebral joints, deformation of the vertebral bodies in the form of bradyspondylosis or platospondylosis, straightened cervical lordosis or the angular kyphosis formation, changes in the densitometric density of vertebral bodies, and therefore metabolic processes in bone structures, endplates and intervertebral discs are known to induce irreversible pathological and organic changes in the nervous system with accompanying clinical symptoms (Ezra et al, 2020). That is why we attracted attention to the vertebrae deformation and the spinal canal narrowing in conditions of changes in physiological lordosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Densitometric correlates of degenerative-dystrophic processes in cervical vertebrae of humans and domestic animals

Andreyeva,

Stoyanov,

Chebotaryova

et al. 2023

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The cervical spine is the most mobile region with high work activity which constantly receives a heavy load. This region is the least protected from external influences, especially in cases of degenerative-dystrophic changes. A comparative analysis of clinical-morphological and morphometric data in degenerative-dystrophic lesions of the cervical spine in humans and domestic animals with secondary anatomical and physiological abnormalities was performed . The examined contingent of people was of young and middle age (average age equal to 41.5 ± 5.2 years). The examined animals had a similar age range recalculated to human age. The pathological changes in spinal cord configuration were registered in 84.6% of examined humans (n = 65) in the form of angular kyphosis or straightened lordosis (with the analogous relative distribution). In terms of gender, with the exception of the frequency of angular kyphosis, probable differences in the formation of lordosis, which is straightened (2.1 times more often), the indicators were the same while the normal configuration of the spine was more often registered in men against the women (20.0% vs 12.5%). Cervical spine deformations in different breeds of dogs and cats (n = 75) were observed in 34.7% of cases (angular kyphosis – 38.5%; straightened lordosis – 61.5%). Preservation of normal configuration of the cervical spine was recorded more often in cats – 78.6%, and in small breeds of dogs – 78.5%. In large breeds of dogs, these indicators were probably changed: the norm remained only in 26.3%, and the deformations exceeded the corresponding indicators in cats and small breeds of dogs by 2.7 or more times. The significant differences were found in cases of straightened lordosis formation which was registered more often in women than in men. The incidence of angular kyphosis was comparable in patients of both sexes. Cervical spine deformations in different breeds of dogs and cats were observed in 26 animals (34.6% cases: angular kyphosis – 13.3%; straightened lordosis – 21.3%). The densitry of vertebral bodies in all groups decreased in the caudal direction of the cervical spine. The differences in humans reached 18.1%, being higher in women than in men. Animals had a similar density distribution. This index was minimal in cats (2.7%), in small-breed dogs it increased significantly (7.5%) and in large-breed dogs it reached 14.3%, i.e. 5 times (compared to cats) and 2 times higher (compared to small breed dogs). A comparative analysis between humans and animals indicates that the maximal discrepancies in the studied indexes were found in humans and relatively coincided with those in large breed dogs. The presence of neurological deficit with cervical spine pain syndrome with lordosis distortion and the provocation of spinal canal stenosis was found in 73.7% of large adult dogs. The revealed regularities of cervical spine degenerative-dystrophic changes indicate that animals, especially large breeds of dogs, can serve as a model for investigation of etiopathogenetic factors, clinical course, prognosis and other risks of the bone-cartilage apparatus degeneration with both stenosis and vertebrogenic myelopathy development at the cervical level in humans The obtained clinical and morphometric data from comparative analysis in humans and domestic animals will serve as the basis of methods of prevention of degeneration in the bone-cartilage apparatus and the premature aging of the body in humans.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Densitometric correlates of degenerative-dystrophic processes in cervical vertebrae of humans and domestic animals

Andreyeva,

Stoyanov,

Chebotaryova

et al. 2023

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The total sample of 220 patients (98 males and 122 females) referred for a CT due to cervical complaints between July 2016 and March 2017 were recruited for the study on the association between radiological findings and clinical presentation in the cervical spine (Ezra et al, 2020). The CT scans were performed to evaluate patients' medical conditions and not for research purposes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a grading scale for the evaluation of degenerative changes in uncovertebral (Luschka) joints

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The study aimed to develop a grading scale for evaluating degenerative changes in uncovertebral joints (UVJs) found on computed tomography (CT) scans, and assess the intra-and inter-rater reliability of this scale. The study included 50 subjects (average age 55.12 ± 13.76 years) referred for CT examinations due to cervical complaints. Three researchers developed a reading protocol using a semiquantitative grading scale of UVJ degenerative changes. CTs were read and reread several times to refine the protocol. Subsequently, the reader read and reread 20 CTs (C3-C7 bilateral, altogether 200 UVJs) 2 weeks apart in order to assess the intra-rater reliability.The second reader, after the training, read the same 20 CTs (yet, C4-C6 bilateral, altogether 120 UVJs) in order to assess the inter-rater reliability. The additional 30 CTs were evaluated to analyze the prevalence and associations between the studied parameters. The final grading scale included joint space narrowing, osteophyte, subchondral sclerosis, subchondral cyst, hypertrophy, cortical erosion, and vacuum phenomenon. The intra-rater agreement ranged from very good in joint space narrowing (k = 0.757), osteophyte grade (k = 0.748), subchondral cyst (k = 0.716), hypertrophy (k = 0.728), vacuum phenomenon (k = 0.712) to good (k = 0.544) in subchondral sclerosis, and fair in cortical erosion (k = 0.36). For the overall UVJ degeneration grade, the intra-rater agreement was very good (k = 0.616) and the inter-rater reliability was good (k = 0.468). 77.6% of the evaluated UVJs exhibited some degenerative changes. Our grading scale is the first to evaluate UVJs presenting good-very good intra-rater and inter-rater reliability which can be utilized in further clinical studies and assess degenerative changes in UVJs.

show abstract

Capturing the cervical spine shape: Angular measurements versus geometric morphometric methods

Kedar,

Ezra,

Pelleg‐Kallevag

et al. 2024

Clinical Anatomy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The cervical spine manifests a wide shape variation. However, the traditional methods to evaluate the cervical spine curve were never tested against its actual shape. The study's main aim was to determine whether the shape classification of the cervical spine, based on traditional angular measurements, coincides with each other and with the shape captured by the 2D landmark‐based geometric morphometric method. The study's second aim was to reveal the associations between the cervical spine shape and the demographic parameters, the head's position, and the spine's sagittal balance. CT scans of the cervical spine of 163 individuals were evaluated to achieve these goals. The shape was assessed by measuring the C2–C7 Cobb angle (CA), the C2–C7 posterior tangent angle (PTA), the curvedness of the arch, and by a 2D landmark‐based geometric morphometric method. The position of the head and the sagittal balance of the spine were evaluated by measuring the foramen magnum‐C2 Cobb angle (FMCA) and the T1 slope angle (T1SA), respectively. Based on the size of the angle measured, each individual was classified into one of the three cervical ‘shape groups’ (lordotic, straight, and kyphotic). We found that cervical lordosis was the dominant shape regardless of the measuring methods utilized (46.6%–54.6%), followed by straight neck (28.2%–30.1%), and kyphosis (15.3%–25.2%); however, about a third of the 163 individuals were classified into a different shape group using the CA and PTA methods. The cervical spine angle was sex‐independent and age‐dependent. The T1SA was significantly correlated with CA and PTA (r = 0.640 and r = 0.585, respectively; p < 0.001). In conclusion, the cervical spine shape evaluation is method‐dependent and varies with age.

show abstract

The association between cervical lordosis and age, sex, history of cervical trauma and sedentarity: A CT study

Abstract: Work-related behaviors, such as prolonged sitting with sustained or repetitive neck fl exion, seem to play important roles in the development of neck pain [8-11]. Offi ce workers have the highest incidence of neck pain in all industry

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Densitometric correlates of degenerative-dystrophic processes in cervical vertebrae of humans and domestic animals

Densitometric correlates of degenerative-dystrophic processes in cervical vertebrae of humans and domestic animals

Developing a grading scale for the evaluation of degenerative changes in uncovertebral (Luschka) joints

Capturing the cervical spine shape: Angular measurements versus geometric morphometric methods

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About