The Association between Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics and Extracranial Carotid Artery Stenosis in a Northern Chinese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Past epidemiologic studies have indicated that the ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics are associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and stroke. Carotid artery stenosis (CAS) causes approximately 10% of ischemic strokes. The association between ideal CVH and extracranial CAS has not yet been assessed. In the current study, extracranial CAS was assessed by carotid duplex ultrasonography. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between ideal CVH metrics and extracranial CAS. A total of 3297 participants (52.2% women) aged 40 years and older were selected from the Jidong community in China. After adjusting for sex, age and other potential confounds, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for extracranial CAS were 0.57 (0.39–0.84), 0.46 (0.26–0.80) and 0.29 (0.15–0.54), and for those quartiles, quartile 2 (9–10), quartile 3 (11) and quartile 4 (12–14), respectively, compared with quartile 1 (≤8). This negative correlation was particularly evident in women and the elderly (≥60 years). This cross-sectional study showed a negative correlation between the ideal CVH metrics and the prevalence of extracranial CAS in northern Chinese adults.

Ideal cardiovascular health metrics and the risk of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: A cross‐sectional study in northern China

“…6 Our previous study based on the Jidong community indicated that the participants in the highest ideal CVH metrics summary score quartile had a 71% decreased prevalence of extracranial carotid artery stenosis (CAS) compared to those in the lowest summary score quartile. 9 In addition, the ankle brachial index and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity were also demonstrated to be risk factors for CVH. 10,11 Maintaining an ideal status of CVH risk factors with a focus on preventing the occurrence of risk factors is crucial for the prevention of CVDs.…”

“…The risks of atherosclerotic plaque or coronary artery calcium were each reduced by approximately 60% in subjects with 6 or 7 ideal factors compared to 0 to 2 ideal factors in a prospective cohort study . Our previous study based on the Jidong community indicated that the participants in the highest ideal CVH metrics summary score quartile had a 71% decreased prevalence of extracranial carotid artery stenosis (CAS) compared to those in the lowest summary score quartile . In addition, the ankle brachial index and brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity were also demonstrated to be risk factors for CVH .…”

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Coronary Artery Calcification in a Northern Chinese Population: a Cross Sectional Study

“…A validated questionnaire specifically designed for this study was used to collect clinical data from all participants by trained doctors 50 . Demographic information (e.g.…”

“…Hypertension was defined as presence of at least one of the following status: 1) history of arterial hypertension; 2) using antihypertensive medication; or 3) a SBP >140 mmHg or a DBP >90 mmHg. The body mass index (BMI) was calculated as body weight (kg) divided by the square of the height (m 2 ), after measuring body weight (kg) and height (cm) on the day of tests 50 .…”

“…Vacuum tubes containing EDTA (Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid) were used to store blood sample. After that, automated analyzers (Olympus, AU400, Japan) were used to analyze samples in the central laboratory in Jidong Oilfield Hospital 50 . In the study, many biological indicators were included such as fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), serum triglycerides (TG), serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and serum Creatinine (Cr).…”