The association between mnemonic discrimination ability and differential fear learning

Davidson, Per; Jönsson, Peter; Johansson, Mikael

doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2021.101715

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…However, the results cannot be interpreted unambiguously and should be treated with caution, because the insula results were only significant on trend level and because there were no correlations with conditioned SCRs. A previous study using SCRs as the main outcome measure for fear learning did also not find an association between pattern separation performance and conditioned SCRs during fear acquisition 33 . However, this was the first study investigating the association between pattern separation and context-dependent learning and retrieval of fear and extinction memories in a female sample which makes comparability to previous findings difficult.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…However, to date, there are no studies investigating the association between behavorial pattern separation and the context-dependent retrieval of fear and extinction memories. Previous studies focused on the association between behavioral pattern separation performance and stronger fear learning and generalization over stimuli 31 – 33 . Reduced pattern separation performance was associated with a less steep fear generalization gradient and with lower fear inhibition in frontal brain regions and stronger threat expectancies to stimuli that were similar to the conditioned cue 31 , 32 , but not with differential fear learning in general 33 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Behavioral pattern separation is associated with neural and electrodermal correlates of context-dependent fear conditioning

Neudert

Schäfer

Zehtner

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Hippocampus-dependent pattern separation is considered as a relevant factor for context discrimination and might therefore impact the contextual modulation of conditioned fear. However, the association between pattern separation and context-dependent fear conditioning has not been investigated so far. In the current study, 72 healthy female students completed the Mnemonic Similarity Task, a measure of behavioral pattern separation, in addition to a context-dependent fear conditioning paradigm during functional magnetic resonance imaging. The paradigm included fear acquisition in context A and extinction training in context B on a first day, as well as retrieval testing of the fear and extinction memories in the safe context B (extinction recall) and a novel context C (fear renewal) one day later. Main outcome measures comprised skin conductance responses (SCRs) and blood oxygen level-dependent responses in brain regions of the fear and extinction circuit. Regarding retrieval testing, pattern separation did not correlate with extinction recall, but with stronger dorsal anterior cingulate cortex activation and conditioned SCRs (trend) during fear renewal, indicating a stronger retrieval of the fear memory trace. Our findings suggest that behavioral pattern separation ability seems to be important for context-dependent fear modulation, which is impaired in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral pattern separation is associated with neural and electrodermal correlates of context-dependent fear conditioning

Neudert

Schäfer

Zehtner

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Neurobiology and systems biology of stress resilience

Kalisch,

Russo,

Müller

2024

Physiological Reviews

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Stress resilience is the phenomenon that some people maintain their mental health despite exposure to adversity or show only temporary impairments followed by quick recovery. Resilience research attempts to unravel the factors and mechanisms that make resilience possible and to harness its insights for the development of preventative interventions in individuals at risk for acquiring stress-related dysfunctions. Biological resilience research has been lagging behind the psychological and social sciences, but has seen a massive surge in recent years. At the same time, progress in this field has been hampered by methodological challenges related to finding suitable operationalizations and study designs, replicating findings, and modeling resilience in animals. We embed a review of behavioral, neuroimaging, neurobiological, and systems-biological findings in adults in a critical methods discussion. We find preliminary evidence that hippocampal-based pattern separation and prefrontal-based cognitive control functions protect against the development of pathological fears in the aftermath of singular, event-type stressors (as found in fear-related disorders, including simpler forms of post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD), by facilitating the perception of safety. Reward system-based pursuit and savoring of positive reinforcers appear to protect against the development of more generalized dysfunctions of the anxious-depressive spectrum resulting from more severe or longer-lasting stressors (as in depression, generalized or comorbid anxiety, or severe PTSD). Links between preserved functioning of these neural systems under stress and neuroplasticity, immunoregulation, gut microbiome composition, and integrity of the gut barrier and the blood-brain barrier are beginning to emerge. On this basis, avenues for biological interventions are pointed out.

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The association between mnemonic discrimination ability and differential fear learning

Cited by 2 publications

References 43 publications

Behavioral pattern separation is associated with neural and electrodermal correlates of context-dependent fear conditioning

Behavioral pattern separation is associated with neural and electrodermal correlates of context-dependent fear conditioning

Neurobiology and systems biology of stress resilience

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