The Association Between Mycobacteria-Specific Antigen-Induced Cytokines and Host Response to Latent Tuberculosis Infection Treatment in a Chinese Population

Abstract

ObjectivesExploring biomarkers monitoring latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) treatment effectiveness would benefit optimizing the therapeutic regimen. This study aims to identify potential mycobacteria-specific antigen-induced cytokines associated with host responses to preventive treatment.MethodsBased on a randomized controlled trial on LTBI treatment among individuals with chest radiography abnormalities suggestive of prior tuberculosis (TB), the dynamically changed cytokine levels in QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT) supernatants were estimated during the treatment by bead-based multiplex assays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsIn total, 63 treated participants and 32 untreated controls were included in the study. The levels of 13 background-corrected mycobacteria-specific antigen-stimulated cytokines [basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF), growth-regulated oncogene (GRO)-α, interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1ra, IL-12 (p70), stem cell factor (SCF), tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), IL-8, interferon (IFN)-α2, IL-5, IL-12 (p40), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and IL-17A] were found to be statistically different between before and after treatment in treated participants, while no statistically differences were observed in untreated controls. Among these 13 cytokines, the level of IL-8 was significantly lower in the QFT reversed group than that in the non-reversed group (p = 0.028) among treated participants, while such a difference was not found for untreated controls (p = 0.292).ConclusionOur results suggested that the lower level of mycobacteria-specific antigen-induced IL-8 might be associated with the host’s positive response to LTBI treatment.

Biomarkers Correlated with Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment Response: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Of the excluded 105 articles which underwent full-text screening, 59 were excluded due to no information on TB preventive treatment, 18 due to mathematics modeling studies, 9 due to no serial data on TB preventive treatment monitoring, 5 due to no biomarkers being tested, 10 due to no data on treatment monitoring, 3 due to the required data being unavailable and 1 due to a sample < 10. Finally, 11 studies were eligible for data extraction and quantitative analysis [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ] and are listed in Supplementary Table S5 .…”

“…The publication of the studies occurred between 2006 and 2022, and the sample size varied from 11 to 2618. Six studies were conducted in Asia [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ], three in Europe and two in Africa [ 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ]. Six studies were from high TB burden countries [ 33 , 34 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ], two from middle TB burden countries [ 35 , 36 ] and three from low TB burden countries [ 41 , 42 , 43 ].…”

“…Six studies were conducted in Asia [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ], three in Europe and two in Africa [ 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ]. Six studies were from high TB burden countries [ 33 , 34 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ], two from middle TB burden countries [ 35 , 36 ] and three from low TB burden countries [ 41 , 42 , 43 ]. Five studies were of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design [ 33 , 34 , 37 , 38 , 40 ], three were prospective studies [ 35 , 39 , 42 ], two were case-control studies [ 41 , 43 ], and one was a cross-sectional study [ 36 ].…”

Retrospectively analyze and compare the efficacy and safety of thoracoscopic-assisted Nuss repair of pectus excavatum under intubation anesthesia and non-intubation anesthesia

“…Pectus excavatum (PE) is the most common congenital chest wall malformation, accounting for 90% of all anterior chest wall malformations ( 1 , 2 ). Surgical repair of chest depression has always been the most effective treatment for PE ( 3 ). Previous methods of PE repair included Ravitch surgery ( 4 ), sternal costal cartilage lifting surgery ( 5 ), and sternal turnover surgery ( 6 ), all of which were invasive, had more complications, and had a high recurrence rate for patients ( 7 ).…”

Schizophrenia Secondary to COVID-19 and Tuberculosis: A Case Series of Post-Infection Schizophrenia

“…Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and SARS-Cov2 infection are both associated with a rise in proinflammatory cytokines. 5 , 8 The inflammatory condition may also result in white matter ischemic changes in the brain, mediated by microglial activation and beta-amyloid accumulation, 9 which may be the reason for MRI brain changes seen in Case A, or it may be an incidental finding. A high level of proinflammatory cytokines has been found in the body fluid of patients with SZ.…”