The Association between the Level of Advanced Glycation End Products and Objective Skin Quality Parameters

Abstract

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) represent an endogenously produced or exogenously derived group of compounds derived from nonenzymatic glycation. Recent experimental studies are suggesting that AGEs could play an important role in the skin’s quality and its aging process. Hence, the aim of this study was to clinically evaluate the AGEs and skin quality parameters across different age groups in the general population. The study included 237 participants. Melanin, erythema, hydration, friction and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) were evaluated using noninvasive probes, while AGEs were evaluated using a skin autofluorescence reader. There was a significant positive correlation between AGEs and the amount of melanin (p < 0.001), erythema (p < 0.001) and TEWL (p < 0.001), while there was a significant negative correlation between AGEs and hydration (p < 0.001) and friction (p < 0.001). After dividing the sample into three groups depending on their age, in all three groups, there was a significant positive correlation between AGEs and the melanin count (p < 0.001) and TEWL (p < 0.001), while there was a significant negative correlation between AGEs and skin hydration (p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the level of AGEs as a dependent variable retained a significant association with age (p < 0.001), melanin (p < 0.001), erythema (p = 0.005) and TEWL (p < 0.001) as positive predictors. Moreover, AGEs retained a significant association with skin hydration (p < 0.001) and friction (p = 0.017) as negative predictors. These outcomes imply that AGEs could be linked with the complex physiology of the skin and its aging process.

Enzymatic Deglycation of Damaged Skin by Means of Combined Treatment of Fructosamine-3-Kinase and Fructosyl-Amino Acid Oxidase

“…Therefore, treatment with deglycation enzymes may improve scar quality in terms of elasticity and suppleness. Furthermore, a recent study found a link between pigmentation and erythema on the one hand and AGEs on the other [10]. This is in line with previous research describing the AGE-induced promotion of melanogenesis through melanocyte receptor stimulation eventually leading to pigmentation disorders [10,37].…”

“…Furthermore, a recent study found a link between pigmentation and erythema on the one hand and AGEs on the other [10]. This is in line with previous research describing the AGE-induced promotion of melanogenesis through melanocyte receptor stimulation eventually leading to pigmentation disorders [10,37]. The effects of FN3K and FAOD on skin color, including erythema and pigmentation factors, in both anti-aging and scar improvement settings, should be the subject of future research.…”

“…Many different hypotheses have been generated over the years to reveal the causality of skin aging, and the general consensus is that inflammatory processes, cellular senescence, free radicals, and epigenetic changes play crucial roles [5][6][7][8]. It has been demonstrated that advanced glycation end products (AGEs) play an indispensable role in skin aging and are linked with the skin's physiology and functioning [9,10]. Moreover, it has been reported that these irreversible products play a role in the dermal wound healing process by inducing apoptosis in various cell types, leading to deteriorated healing [11,12].…”

Age‐related changes in scalp biophysical parameters: A comparative analysis of the 20s and 50s age groups

“…We observed a significant correlation between age and the accumulation of AGEs in the skin, which may manifest as increased skin yellowness. A previous study has identified significant associations between AGEs and age, melanin level, and erythema as positive predictors 15 . We also observed a remarkable positive correlation between scalp skin yellowness and skin AGEs in bivariate correlation analysis, further emphasizing the intricate relationship between the biological aging process and alterations in scalp biophysical parameters.…”