The Associations between Maternal Education, Chronic Energy Deficit, and Anemia in Pregnant Women: An Evidence from Lhokseumawe, Indonesia

Helliyana, Helliyana; Aritonang, Evawany Y; Sanusi, Sri Rahayu

doi:10.26911/thejmch.2019.04.05.02

Cited by 7 publications

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“…It is mainly caused by inadequate dietary intake, hemorrhage, and malabsorption. Chronic energy deficiency conditions in pregnancy could, further, aggravate the iron deficiency, thus increasing anemia in pregnancy [24]. Anemia in pregnancy is associated with mortality in postpartum hemorrhage, premature birth, low birth weight, and child stunting [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal and Neonatal Outcome in Pregnant Women with Chronic Energy Deficiency in Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Indonesia

Indarti,

Wonodihardjo,

Sianipar

et al. 2023

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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Introduction : Malnutrition in pregnant women disrupts the First Thousand Days of Life (DOL). DOL is known as the Window of Opportunity or the Golden Period, which occurs for 1000 DOL to improve children's growth and development optimally. Disturbances that arise during this period will impact the survival of the child and child’s growth and development, which is permanent. However, malnutrition in pregnant women can be prevented by early intervention. Therefore, this study aims to describe the maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with chronic energy deficiency malnutrition. Method: This research is a retrospective cohort study with a descriptive research design. Eighty-one pregnant women with malnutrition who came to Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from 2017 to 2020 were included. Subject characteristic, maternal and neonatal outcome were collected from the medical record. Result : Some of our subjects had moderate (26%) and severe (16%) malnutrition before pregnancy. The average weight gain is 8.78 kg, lower than the recommendation. The results of this study showed a high incidence of anemia (51,9%) and perinatal maternal complications (54,4%). The neonatal outcome showed a high incidence of congenital defects and hyaline membrane disease (p = 0.031) and NICU care (p = 0.001). The incidence of hyaline membrane disease and congenital defects is 15(18,5%) and 5(6.1%) in this study. Conclusion : Chronic energy deficiency in pregnancy could lead to significant maternal and neonatal complications. Keywords: Maternal malnutrition, chronic energy deficiency, maternal outcome, neonatal outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal and Neonatal Outcome in Pregnant Women with Chronic Energy Deficiency in Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Indonesia

Indarti,

Wonodihardjo,

Sianipar

et al. 2023

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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“…Ibu menyusui yang menderita KEK lebih cenderung disebabkan karena kekurangan energi yang terjadi dalam jangka waktu yang lama, sedangkan anemia cenderung disebabkan oleh kekurangan zat besi. 28 Meskipun dari status gizi tidak terdapat hubungan dan kecenderungan LILA terhadap kadar hemoglobin, namun terdapat kecenderungan kekurangan asupan protein terhadap kadar hemoglobin. Sebanyak 6 dari 8 ibu dengan anemia mengalami kekurangan asupan protein.…”

Section: Hubungan Status Gizi (Lila) Dengan Kadar Hemoglobin Ibu Meny...unclassified

Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kadar Hemoglobin pada Ibu Menyusui di Desa Selokaton Kecamatan Sukorejo Kabupaten Kendal

Anggraeni

Kartini

Fatimah

et al. 2022

MKMI

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Latar belakang: Prevalensi anemia ibu pasca melahirkan di Indonesia cukup tinggi mencapai 45,1%, dan di Kabupaten Kendal tahun 2018 mencapai 99%. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar hemoglobin pada ibu menyusui di Desa Selokaton, Kecamatan Sukorejo, Kabupaten Kendal.Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional dengan desain cross sectional menggunakan purposive sampling dan didapatkan sampel sebanyak 42 orang. Wawancara dan uji hemoglobin menggunakan instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner, formulir recall 24 jam, dan HB POCT (Hemoglobin Point of Care Testing). Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson Product Moment dan uji korelasi Rank Spearman.Hasil: Sebagian besar ibu termasuk usia tidak berisiko (81%), berpendidikan lanjut (64,3%), tidak memiliki risiko KEK (95,2%), tidak memiliki paparan pestisida (97,6%), terpapar rokok (81,0%), kurang asupan zat besi (97,6%), kurang asupan vitamin C (76,2%), tidak rutin mengonsumsi TTD (85,7%), paritas ibu ≤3 (97,6). Hasil uji Pearson Product Moment menemukan tidak terdapat relevansi antara usia dengan kadar hemoglobin ibu (p=0,447). Hasil uji korelasi Rank Spearman menunjukkan tidak ada relevansi antara tingkat pendidikan (p=0,467), pendapatan keluarga (p=0,068), status gizi (p=0,590), paparan pestisida (p=0,808), paparan rokok (p=0,198), kecukupan asupan zat besi (p=0,082) dan kecukupan asupan vitamin C (p=0,136) dengan kadar hemoglobin ibu menyusui.Simpulan: Tidak terdapat korelasi antara usia, tingkat pendidikan, pendapatan keluarga, status gizi, paparan pestisida, paparan rokok, kecukupan asupan zat besi, dan kecukupan asupan vitamin C dengan kadar hemoglobin pada ibu menyusui Desa Selokaton. Terdapat kecenderungan faktor paparan rokok, kecukupan asupan zat besi dan kecukupan asupan vitamin C pada kadar hemoglobin ibu menyusui.Kata kunci: hemoglobin, karakteristik, asupan zat gizi, paparan pestisida, paparan rokok ABSTRACTTitle: Factors Affecting Hemoglobin Levels in Breastfeeding Mothers in Selokaton Village, Sukorejo District, Kendal RegencyBackground: Indonesia had 45.1% postpartum maternal anemia, while in 2018, Kendal Regency has 99%. The study sought to identify factors that affect breastfeeding mothers' hemoglobin levels in Selokaton Village, Sukorejo District, Kendal Regency.Method: This type of research is analytic and observational with a cross-sectional design using purposive sampling and a sample of 42 people. Research tools like questionnaires, 24-hour recall forms, and HB POCT (Hemoglobin Point of Care Testing) were used for interviews and hemoglobin tests. Bivariate analysis used the Pearson Product Moment correlation test and the Rank Spearman correlation test.Result: Most of the mothers were not at risk (81%), had advanced education (64.3%), did not have CED risk (95.2%), did not have exposure to pesticides (97.6%), were exposed to cigarettes (81.0%), had insufficient intake of iron (97.6%), had insufficient intake of vitamin C (76.2%), did not take iron tablets regularly (85.7%), and had maternal parity ≤3 (97.6%). The Pearson product moment test results found no relevance between age and maternal hemoglobin levels (p=0.447). Spearman's rank correlation test results showed no relevance between education level (p=0.467), family income (p=0.068), nutritional status (p=0.590), exposure to pesticides (p=0.808), exposure to cigarettes (p=0.198), adequacy of iron intake (p=0.082) and adequacy of vitamin C intake (p=0.136) with hemoglobin levels of lactating mothers.Conclusion: Age, education, family income, nutritional status, pesticide and cigarette exposure, iron and vitamin C intake, and hemoglobin levels in breastfeeding mothers in Selokaton Village are not related. Smoking, iron, and vitamin C intake affect hemoglobin levels in lactating mothers.Keywords:hemoglobin level, characteristic, nutritional intake, pesticide exposure, cigarette exposure

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“…Women will experience malnutrition based on their intake. Pregnant women with poor food intake because pregnant women pay less attention to fulfilling their own food will have an impact on the nutritional state of pregnant women (Helliyana et al, 2019). Mothers with poor food intake can be indicated that the mother is not fulfilled her nutritional needs so she has the opportunity to have a lack of nutritional status.…”

Section: The Effect Of Food Intake On Cedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilevel Analysis on Factors Associated with Occurrence Chronic Energy Deficiency among Pregnant Women

Rachmawati

Dewi

Widyaningsih

2019

J MATERN CHILD HEALTH

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Background: One of the nutritional problems experienced by pregnant women is chronic energy deficiency (CED). Chronic energy deficiency is a condition in which women of childbearing age experience a lack of energy and protein intake and take place continuously resulting in health problems. This study aims to analyze chronic energy deficiency factors in pregnant women in Gunungkidul Regency. Subjects and Method: This study implemented a case control design. It was conducted in 25 community health centers, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, from April to May 2019. A sample of 200 pregnant women was selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was chronic energy deficiency in pregnant women. The independent variables included food intake, education level, occupation, knowledge, family income, age, parity, utilization of antenatal care services (ANC), and food availability. The data were collected using the MUAC tape and questionnaire. The data were analyzed by a multilevel multiple logistic regression. Results: The risk of protein energy deficiency decreased with high energy and protein intake

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The Associations between Maternal Education, Chronic Energy Deficit, and Anemia in Pregnant Women: An Evidence from Lhokseumawe, Indonesia

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Maternal and Neonatal Outcome in Pregnant Women with Chronic Energy Deficiency in Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Indonesia

Maternal and Neonatal Outcome in Pregnant Women with Chronic Energy Deficiency in Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Indonesia

Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kadar Hemoglobin pada Ibu Menyusui di Desa Selokaton Kecamatan Sukorejo Kabupaten Kendal

Multilevel Analysis on Factors Associated with Occurrence Chronic Energy Deficiency among Pregnant Women

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