The Atlantic Salmon

Verspoor, Eric; Stradmeyer, Lee; Nielsen, Jennifer L.

doi:10.1002/9780470995846.ch2

Cited by 51 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 282 publications

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“…Contrary to the river-resident Atlantic salmon in North America (Scott and Crossman 1973), which occur in several river basins (Webb et al 2007), småblank is the only one in Europe. The river-resident populations in North America belong to another genetic subgroup than småblank (Lubieniecki et al 2010; Bourret et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Spatial and temporal genetic structure of a river‐residentAtlantic salmon (Salmo salar) after millennia of isolation

Sandlund

Karlsson

Thorstad

et al. 2014

Ecology and Evolution

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The river-resident Salmo salar (“småblank”) has been isolated from other Atlantic salmon populations for 9,500 years in upper River Namsen, Norway. This is the only European Atlantic salmon population accomplishing its entire life cycle in a river. Hydropower development during the last six decades has introduced movement barriers and changed more than 50% of the river habitat to lentic conditions. Based on microsatellites and SNPs, genetic variation within småblank was only about 50% of that in the anadromous Atlantic salmon within the same river. The genetic differentiation (FST) between småblank and the anadromous population was 0.24. This is similar to the differentiation between anadromous Atlantic salmon in Europe and North America. Microsatellite analyses identified three genetic subpopulations within småblank, each with an effective population size Ne of a few hundred individuals. There was no evidence of reduced heterozygosity and allelic richness in contemporary samples (2005–2008) compared with historical samples (1955–56 and 1978–79). However, there was a reduction in genetic differentiation between sampling localities over time. SNP data supported the differentiation of småblank into subpopulations and revealed downstream asymmetric gene flow between subpopulations. In spite of this, genetic variation was not higher in the lower than in the upper areas. The meta-population structure of småblank probably maintains genetic variation better than one panmictic population would do, as long as gene flow among subpopulations is maintained. Småblank is a unique endemic island population of Atlantic salmon. It is in a precarious situation due to a variety of anthropogenic impacts on its restricted habitat area. Thus, maintaining population size and avoiding further habitat fragmentation are important.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Spatial and temporal genetic structure of a river‐residentAtlantic salmon (Salmo salar) after millennia of isolation

Sandlund

Karlsson

Thorstad

et al. 2014

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Atlantic salmon is an anadromous fish species. Its life cycle unfolds both in freshwater and in the ocean (Webb et al ., ). The juvenile phase takes place in freshwater.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Digging through model complexity: using hierarchical models to uncover evolutionary processes in the wild

Buoro

Prévost

Giménez

2012

J of Evolutionary Biology

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The growing interest for studying questions in the wild requires acknowledging that eco-evolutionary processes are complex, hierarchically structured and often partially observed or with measurement error. These issues have long been ignored in evolutionary biology, which might have led to flawed inference when addressing evolutionary questions. Hierarchical modelling (HM) has been proposed as a generic statistical framework to deal with complexity in ecological data and account for uncertainty. However, to date, HM has seldom been used to investigate evolutionary mechanisms possibly underlying observed patterns. Here, we contend the HM approach offers a relevant approach for the study of eco-evolutionary processes in the wild by confronting formal theories to empirical data through proper statistical inference. Studying eco-evolutionary processes requires considering the complete and often complex life histories of organisms. We show how this can be achieved by combining sequentially all life-history components and all available sources of information through HM. We demonstrate how ecoevolutionary processes may be poorly inferred or even missed without using the full potential of HM. As a case study, we use the Atlantic salmon and data on wild marked juveniles. We assess a reaction norm for migration and two potential trade-offs for survival. Overall, HM has a great potential to address evolutionary questions and investigate important processes that could not previously be assessed in laboratory or short time-scale studies.

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“…After a period of fast growth in saltwater, adults migrate back most frequently to their river of origin and reproduce (Webb et al. ). However, we now know that two types of reproductive males are actually present in this species: large fighter males and small sneaker males (see Dodson et al.…”

Section: An Organismal Evolutionary Biologist' S Journey Into the Reamentioning

confidence: 99%

Using an integrative approach to investigate the evolution of behaviour

Aubin‐Horth

2015

Evolutionary Applications

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Behaviour is a central focus of interest in biology because it has an impact on several aspects of an organism's life. Evolutionary biologists have realised the advantage of an integrative approach that jointly studies the molecular, cellular and physiological levels of an individual to link them with the organismal behavioural phenotype. First, this mechanistic information helps in understanding physiological and evolutionary constraints acting on the behavioural response to the environment and its evolution. Second, it furthers our understanding of the process of molecular convergent evolution. Finally, we learn about natural variation in molecular, cellular and physiological traits present in wild populations and their underlying genetic basis, which can be a substrate for selection to act on. I illustrate these points using our work on behaviour variation in fishes. The information on the mechanistic bases of behaviour variation in various species and behaviours will contribute to an ecological annotation of genes and to uncover new mechanisms implicated in how this astonishing behavioural diversity arose, is maintained and will evolve.

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The Atlantic Salmon

Cited by 51 publications

References 282 publications

Spatial and temporal genetic structure of a river‐residentAtlantic salmon (Salmo salar) after millennia of isolation

Spatial and temporal genetic structure of a river‐residentAtlantic salmon (Salmo salar) after millennia of isolation

Digging through model complexity: using hierarchical models to uncover evolutionary processes in the wild

Using an integrative approach to investigate the evolution of behaviour

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