The ATLAS3D project - I. A volume-limited sample of 260 nearby early-type galaxies: science goals and selection criteria

Cappellari, Michele; Emsellem, Éric; Krajnović, Davor; McDermid, Richard M.; Scott, Nicholas; Kleijn, G. A. Verdoes; Young, Lisa M.; Alatalo, Katherine; Bacon, Roland; Blitz, Leo; Bois, Maxime; Bournaud, F.; Bureau, Martin; Davies, Roger L.; Davis, Timothy A.; Zeeuw, P. T. de; Duc, Pierre–Alain; Khochfar, Sadegh; Küntschner, H.; Lablanche, Pierre Yves; Morganti, Raffaella; Naab, Thorsten; Oosterloo, Tom; Sarzi, Marc; Serra, P.; Weijmans, Anne-Marie

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.18174.x

Cited by 1,024 publications

(779 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…Since we expect the initial 6 The systemic velocity of M 87 is taken as the median value of the entire sample of velocities within two sigma of the original median. Our value 1275 ± 24 km s −1 is consistent with those obtained by Binggeli et al (1987) (V sys = 1258 ± 10 km s −1 ), and Cappellari et al (2011) (V sys = 1284 ± 5 km s −1 ). estimate for the 2σ to be influenced by the ICPNs, we repeat this process until the dispersion value stabilises.…”

Section: Robust Separation Of the M 87 Halo And Iclsupporting

confidence: 80%

The outer regions of the giant Virgo galaxy M 87 Kinematic separation of stellar halo and intracluster light

Longobardi

Arnaboldi

Gerhard

et al. 2015

A&A

144

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Aims. We present a spectroscopic study of a sample of 287 planetary nebulas (PNs) around the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) M 87 in Virgo A, of which 211 are located between 40 kpc and 150 kpc from the galaxy centre. With these data we can distinguish the stellar halo from the co-spatial intracluster light (ICL) and study both components separately. Methods. We obtained PN velocities with a high resolution FLAMES/VLT survey targeting eight fields in a total area of ∼0.4 deg 2 . We identified PNs from their narrow and symmetric redshifted λ5007 Å [OIII] emission line, the presence of the second λ4959 Å [OIII] emission line, and the absence of significant continuum. We implement a robust technique to measure the halo velocity dispersion from the projected phase-space to identify PNs associated with the M 87 halo and ICL. Using photometric magnitudes, we construct PN luminosity functions (PNLFs), which are complete down to m 5007 = 28.8. Results. The velocity distribution of the spectroscopically confirmed PNs is bimodal, containing a narrow component centred on the systemic velocity of the BCG and an off-centred broader component, which we identify as halo and ICL, respectively. We find that 243 PNs are part of the velocity distribution of the M 87 halo, while the remaining subsample of 44 PNs are intracluster PNs (ICPNs). Halo and ICPNs have different spatial distributions: the number density of halo PNs follow the galaxy's surface brightness profile, whereas the ICPNs are characterised by a shallower power-law profile, I ICL ∝ R γ with γ in the range [−0.34, −0.04]. No evidence is found for an asymmetry in the halo and ICPN density distributions when the NW and SE fields are studied separately. A study of the composite PN number density profile confirms the superposition of different PN populations associated with the M 87 halo and the ICL, characterised by different PN specific numbers α. We derive α halo = 1.06 × 10 −8 N PN L −1 ,bol and α ICL = 2.72 × 10 −8 N PN L −1 ,bol , respectively. The M 87 halo PNLF has fewer bright PNs and a steeper slope towards faint magnitudes than the ICPNLF, and both are steeper than the standard PNLF for the M 31 bulge. Moreover, the ICPNLF has a dip at ∼1−1.5 mag fainter than the bright cut-off, reminiscent of the PNLFs of systems with extended star formation history, such as M 33 or the Magellanic clouds. Conclusions. The BCG halo of M 87 and the Virgo ICL are dynamically distinct components with different density profiles and velocity distributions. Moreover, the different α-parameter values and PNLF shapes of the halo and ICL indicate distinct parent stellar populations, consistent with the existence of a gradient towards bluer colours at large radii. These results reflect the hierarchical build-up of the Virgo cluster.

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Section: Robust Separation Of the M 87 Halo And Iclsupporting

confidence: 80%

The outer regions of the giant Virgo galaxy M 87 Kinematic separation of stellar halo and intracluster light

Longobardi

Arnaboldi

Gerhard

et al. 2015

A&A

144

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“…Similar data products are derived for any of the indicated projects: Atlas3D [12], MaNGA [13] or SAMI [14]. In summary, they comprise a panoramic view of the spatially-resolved spectroscopic properties of these galaxies.…”

Section: Califa: Main Science Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

The CALIFA Survey: Exploring the Oxygen Abundance in the Local Universe

et al. 2015

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We present here a review of the latest results on the spatially-resolved analysis of the stellar populations and ionized gas of disk-dominated galaxies based on Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area (CALIFA) data. CALIFA is an ongoing integral field spectroscopy (IFS) survey of galaxies in the Local Universe (0.005 < z < 0.03) that has already obtained spectroscopic information up to ∼2.5 r e with a spatial resolution better than ∼1 kpc for a total number of more than 600 galaxies of different morphological types, covering the color-magnitude diagram up to M R < −18 mag. With nearly 2000 spectra obtained for each galaxy, CALIFA offers one of the best IFUdatasets to study the star Galaxies 2015, 3 165 formation histories and chemical enrichment of galaxies. In this article, we focus on the main results from the analysis of the oxygen abundances based on the study of ionized gas in H II regions and individual spaxels and their relation to the global properties of galaxies, using an updated/revised dataset with more galaxies and ionized regions. In summary, we have confirmed previous published results indicating that: (1) the M-Z relation does not present a secondary relation to the star formation rate, when the abundance is measured at the effective radius; (2) the oxygen abundance presents a strong correlation with the stellar surface density (Σ-Z relation); (3) the oxygen abundance profiles present three well-defined regimes: (i) an overall negative radial gradient between 0.5 and 2 r e , with a characteristic slope of α O/H ∼−0.1 dex/r e ; (ii) a universal flattening beyond >2 r e ; and (iii) an inner drop at <0.5 r e that depends on mass; (4) the presence of bending in the surface brightness profile of disk galaxies is not clearly related to either the change in the shape of the oxygen abundance profile or the properties of the underlying stellar population. All of these results indicate that disk galaxies present an overall inside-out growth, with chemical enrichment and stellar mass growth tightly correlated and dominated by local processes and limited effects of radial mixing or global outflows. However, clear deviations are shown with respect to this simple scenario, which affect the abundance profiles in both the innermost and outermost regions of galaxies.

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“…Early-type galaxies datasets. We next explored two early-type galaxies (ETGs) datasets, available from the ATLAS 3D project (40). The ATLAS 3D project combines a multiwavelength survey of a complete set of n = 260 ETGs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge discovery by accuracy maximization

Cacciatore

Luchinat

Tenori³

2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Here we describe KODAMA (knowledge discovery by accuracy maximization), an unsupervised and semisupervised learning algorithm that performs feature extraction from noisy and high-dimensional data. Unlike other data mining methods, the peculiarity of KODAMA is that it is driven by an integrated procedure of crossvalidation of the results. The discovery of a local manifold's topology is led by a classifier through a Monte Carlo procedure of maximization of cross-validated predictive accuracy. Briefly, our approach differs from previous methods in that it has an integrated procedure of validation of the results. In this way, the method ensures the highest robustness of the obtained solution. This robustness is demonstrated on experimental datasets of gene expression and metabolomics, where KODAMA compares favorably with other existing feature extraction methods. KODAMA is then applied to an astronomical dataset, revealing unexpected features. Interesting and not easily predictable features are also found in the analysis of the State of the Union speeches by American presidents: KODAMA reveals an abrupt linguistic transition sharply separating all post-Reagan from all pre-Reagan speeches. The transition occurs during Reagan's presidency and not from its beginning.

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The ATLAS3D project - I. A volume-limited sample of 260 nearby early-type galaxies: science goals and selection criteria

Cited by 1,024 publications

References 148 publications

The outer regions of the giant Virgo galaxy M 87 Kinematic separation of stellar halo and intracluster light

The outer regions of the giant Virgo galaxy M 87 Kinematic separation of stellar halo and intracluster light

The CALIFA Survey: Exploring the Oxygen Abundance in the Local Universe

Knowledge discovery by accuracy maximization

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