The Bacterial MtrAB Two-Component System Regulates the Cell Wall Homeostasis Responding to Environmental Alkaline Stress

Qin, Xiaoyu; Zhang, Kaiduan; Fan, Yuzhao; Fang, Hui; Nie, Yong; Wu, Xiao‐Lei

doi:10.1128/spectrum.02311-22

Cited by 59 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Microbial degradation of cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose within corn stalks is a process in which extracellular oxidase secreted by microorganisms leads to the break of chemical bonds within cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose. 29 Laccase and peroxide are the main extracellular oxidases to degrade cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose and temperature can affect the secretion of these two extracellular oxidases, thus influencing the decomposition effect of cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose. [30][31][32] Group 23 achieved the best degradation effect in lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the degradation conditions of corn stalks by Asian corn borer digestive enzymes combined with white-rot fungus

Wang

2024

Science Progress

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Since the environmentally friendly reuse of corn stalks attracts more and more attention, it is an efficient and feasible way to reuse corn stalks as forage. However, whether the cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose within corn stalks can be effectively decomposed becomes a key to reusing corn stalks as forage. Orthogonal test was designed by five different degradation temperatures (22°C, 24°C, 26°C, 28°C, 30°C), five different pH values (4, 5, 6, 8, 10), and five different degradation time durations (5, 15, 25, 30, and 35 days) to examine 25 kinds of different degradation conditions. It was found that the decomposition effect of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin, of group 25 (26°C, pH = 5, 25 days) was stronger compared with other groups, with the contents calculated as 8.22%, 31.55%, and 22.55% individually ( p < 0.01, p < 0.05). Group 19 (22°C, pH = 4, 5 days) revealed the worst degradation effect of cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose compared to other groups, with contents calculated as 15.48%, 38.85%, and 29.57%, individually ( p < 0.01, p < 0.05). The research data deliver a basis for ideal degradation conditions for corn stalks degradation in combination with the digestive enzymes of P. chrysosporium and O. furnacalis larva. Aiming to explore a highly efficient and environmentally friendly corn stalk degradation method.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the degradation conditions of corn stalks by Asian corn borer digestive enzymes combined with white-rot fungus

Wang

2024

Science Progress

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Section: Nrf2 S Ig Nalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This in turn triggers the transcription of hundreds of genes, including genes involved in detoxification and cytoprotection. The expression of reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) is decreased as a result of genes being transcribed, which also helps to preserve cell homeostasis (Qin et al, 2022; Wakabayashi et al, 2003; Zafari et al, 2018). The molecular foundation of Nrf2's function in cancer prevention is its ability to maintain cellular redox homeostasis and control cell proliferation when circumstances are normal (Wu et al, 2019).…”

Section: Nrf2 Signalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nrf2 protein in melanoma progression, as a new means of treatment

Feng,

Xu,

Zhang

2023

Pigment Cell Melanoma Res

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Melanoma is a potentially lethal form of skin cancer resulting from the unlimited proliferation of melanocytes. Melanocytic lineage appears to have a greater rate of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, possibly as a result of exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light and the production of melanin. It has been established that nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) serves as a master regulator of the cellular response to oxidative stresses. Recent research has shown that the Nrf2 and its critical negative regulator Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1 (Keap1) are misregulated in melanoma, and the Keap1‐Nrf2 pathway has emerged as a promising new target for treating and preventing melanoma. In melanoma, Nrf2 may either limit tumor growth or promote its development. This review covers a wide range of topics, including the dual functions played by the Keap1‐Nrf2 signaling pathway in melanoma and the most recent targeting techniques of the Nrf2.

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“…The MtrAB TCS, comprising the response regulator MtrA and histidine kinase MtrB, is conserved across Actinobacteria, including species such as Dietzia species, Streptomyces, Mycobacterium and Corynebacterium glutamicum [14][15][16][17]. The MtrAB TCS plays diverse roles in bacterial life activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, in Dietzia sp. DQ12-45-1b, it regulates the cell wall homeostasis responding to environmental alkaline stress by modulating the expression of regulator MraZ [17]. In Corynebacterium glutamicum, the MtrAB TCS is involved in osmoregulation and cell wall metabolism [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MtrAB two-component system is crucial for the intrinsic resistance and virulence ofMycobacterium abscessus

Zhang,

Ju,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Mycobacterium abscessus (Mab) poses serious therapeutic challenges, principally due to its intrinsic resistance to a wide array of antibiotics. The pressing issue of drug resistance has spurred an urgent need to explore novel targets and develop new therapeutic agents against Mab. The MtrAB two-component system, conserved among Actinobacteria, is pivotal for regulating various metabolic processes. Nevertheless, the role of MtrAB in Mab remains elusive. In this study, we uncovered that Mab strains with disrupted mtrA, mtrB or both exhibited heightened susceptibility to a variety of antibiotics with diverse mechanisms of action, in contrast to the wild-type strain. In a murine model, rifabutin, bedaquiline, and amikacin, which were inactive against the wild-type Mab strain, demonstrated efficacy against all the mtrA, mtrB and mtrAB knockout strains, significantly reducing pulmonary bacterial burdens compared to vehicle controls after ten days of treatment. Notably, the virulence of all the mtrA, mtrB, and mtrAB knockout strains was highly diminished in the murine model, as evidenced by a substantial decrease in bacterial load in the lungs of mice after 16 days. We observed that all three knockout strains exhibited a significantly reduced growth rate compared to the wild-type strain. We discovered that cells lacking mtrA, mtrB or both exhibited an elongated cell length and had multiple septa, suggesting that both MtrA and MtrB regulate cell division of Mab. Subsequently, an ethidium bromide accumulation assay disclosed that the absence of either mtrA or mtrB or both significantly increased cell envelope permeability. In summary, this study suggests that mtrA and mtrB play an important role in the intrinsic resistance and virulence of Mab by affecting cell division and altering cell permeability. Consequently, MtrA and MtrB represent promising targets for the discovery of anti-Mab drugs.

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The Bacterial MtrAB Two-Component System Regulates the Cell Wall Homeostasis Responding to Environmental Alkaline Stress

Abstract: Microorganisms can be found in most extreme environments, and they have to adapt to a wide range of environmental stresses. The two-component systems (TCSs) found in bacteria detect environmental stimuli and regulate physiological pathways for survival.

Cited by 59 publications

References 56 publications

Study on the degradation conditions of corn stalks by Asian corn borer digestive enzymes combined with white-rot fungus

Study on the degradation conditions of corn stalks by Asian corn borer digestive enzymes combined with white-rot fungus

Nrf2 protein in melanoma progression, as a new means of treatment

MtrAB two-component system is crucial for the intrinsic resistance and virulence ofMycobacterium abscessus

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