The barite-opal-organic carbon association in oceanic particulate matter

Bishop, James K. B.

doi:10.1038/332341a0

Cited by 641 publications

(456 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Cu chemistry in the ocean seems to be substantially influenced, and often dominated, by organic complexation [46,47]. The sedimentary distribution of Ba, an element known to be associated with biogenic opal [48], has been proposed as a paleoproductivity indicator [e.g., 49,50]. The association of Ba with 23°Th, 231pa, 1°Be, Cu and Mn (Fig.…”

Section: Factors Influencing Scavengingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport and burial rates of10Be and231Pa in the Pacific Ocean during the Holocene period

Lao

Anderson

Broecker

et al. 1992

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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Section: Factors Influencing Scavengingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport and burial rates of10Be and231Pa in the Pacific Ocean during the Holocene period

Lao

Anderson

Broecker

et al. 1992

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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“…A variety of studies has established a relationship between the marine geochemistry of barium and ocean surface water productivity (e.g., Goldberg and Arrhenius, 1958;Dehairs et al, 1980;Bishop, 1988;Dymond et al, 1992;Gingele and Dahmke, 1994;Klump et al, 2001). Fluxes of barium and organic matter, based on sediment trap data of different oceanic regions have been used to develop algorithms, which link the barium flux to export production (Dymond et al, 1992;Francois et al, 1995;Nürnberg et al, 1997).…”

Section: Bariummentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical distribution patterns as indicators for productivity and terrigenous input off NW Africa

Plewa

Meggers

Kuhlmann

et al. 2012

Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

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a b s t r a c tOne hundred and twenty-eight surface-sediment samples collected off North-West Africa were studied geochemically to detect the expressions of different meridional climate regimes and zonal productivity gradients in the surface sediments. This geochemical multi-tracer approach, coupled with additional information on the bulk carbonate and TOC contents makes it possible to characterise the sedimentological regime in detail. Typical terrigenous elements like Al, K and Fe mirror the importance of the humid (fluvial) influence in the north of the study area and the dominance of aeolian input in the south. Furthermore, the distributions of Ti and Fe in the surface sediments serve as tracers for the supply of eolian volcanic material from the Canary Islands. The spatial variability of the TOC contents in the surface sediments closely follows the ocean surface productivity patterns, whereas the CaCO 3 contents are mainly controlled by dilution with terrigenous matter. The potential productivity proxy Ba is not a reliable tracer for productivity in this region, since it is mainly supplied by terrigenous input (coupled with aluminosilicates).

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“…MULVFS samples preserve the morphology of fragile aggregates, and the process of filtration does not induce particle aggregation (Bishop 1988;Bishop et al 1977). …”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High biomass, low export regimes in the Southern Ocean

Lam

Bishop

2007

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

109

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2 AbstractThis paper investigates ballasting and remineralization controls of carbon sedimentation in the twilight zone (100-1000 m) of the Southern Ocean. Size-fractionated (<1 μm, 1-51 μm, >51 μm) suspended particulate matter was collected by large volume in-situ filtration from the upper 1000 m in the Subantarctic (55°S, 172°W) and Antarctic (66°S, 172°W) zones of the Southern Ocean during the Southern Ocean Iron Experiment (SOFeX) in January-February 2002.Particles were analyzed for major chemical constituents (POC, P, biogenic Si, CaCO 3 ), and digital and SEM image analyses of particles were used to aid in the interpretation of the chemical profiles.Twilight zone waters at 66°S in the Antarctic had a steeper decrease in POC with depth than at 55°S in the Subantarctic, with lower POC concentrations in all size fractions at 66°S than at 55°S, despite up to an order of magnitude higher POC in surface waters at 66°S. The decay length scale of >51 μm POC was significantly shorter in the upper twilight zone at 66°S ( e =26 m) compared to 55°S ( e =81 m).Particles in the carbonate-producing 55°S did not have higher excess densities than particles from the diatom-dominated 66°S, indicating that there was no direct ballast effect that accounted for deeper POC penetration at 55°S. An indirect ballast effect due to differences in particle packaging and porosities cannot be ruled out, however, as aggregate porosities were high (~97%) and variable.Image analyses point to the importance of particle loss rates from zooplankton grazing and remineralization as determining factors for the difference in twilight zone POC 3 concentrations at 55°S and 66°S, with stronger and more focused shallow remineralization at 66°S. At 66°S, an abundance of large (several mm long) fecal pellets from the surface to 150 m, and almost total removal of large aggregates by 200 m, reflected the actions of a single or few zooplankton species capable of grazing diatoms in the euphotic zone, coupled with a more diverse particle feeding zooplankton community immediately below.Surface waters with high biomass levels and high proportion of biomass in the large size fraction were associated with low particle loading at depth, with all indications implying conditions of low export. The 66°S region exhibits this "High Biomass, Low Export" (HBLE) condition, with very high >51 μm POC concentrations at the surface (~2.1 μM POC), but low concentrations below 200 m (<0.07 μM POC). The 66°S region remained HBLE after iron fertilization. Iron addition at 55°S caused a ten fold increase in >51 μm biomass concentrations in the euphotic zone, bringing surface POC concentrations to levels found at 66°S (~3.8 μM), and a concurrent decrease in POC concentrations below 200 m. The 55°S region, which began with moderate levels of biomass and stronger particle export, transitioned to being HBLE after iron fertilization. We propose that iron addition to already HBLE waters will not cause mass sedimentation events. The stability of an iron-induced HBLE condition is unknow...

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The barite-opal-organic carbon association in oceanic particulate matter

Cited by 641 publications

References 20 publications

Transport and burial rates of10Be and231Pa in the Pacific Ocean during the Holocene period

Transport and burial rates of10Be and231Pa in the Pacific Ocean during the Holocene period

Geochemical distribution patterns as indicators for productivity and terrigenous input off NW Africa

High biomass, low export regimes in the Southern Ocean

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