The Basaloid Cell is the Best Tissue Marker for Human Papillomavirus in Invasive Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Study of 202 Cases From Paraguay

Cubilla, Antonio L.; Lloveras, Belén; Alejo, María; Clavero, Omar; Chaux, Alcides; Kasamatsu, Elena; Velázquez, Elsa F.; Lezcano, Cecilia; Monfulleda, Núria; Tous, Sara; Alemany, Laia; Klaustermeier, Joellen; Muñóz, Núbia; Quint, Wim; Sanjosé, Sílvia de; Bosch, F. Xavier

doi:10.1097/pas.0b013e3181c76a49

Cited by 106 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Our studied showed that the only positive association was between the prevalence of HPVhigh in 75% of basaloid tumors, with worse prognosis. Cubilla et al (20) reported the same association.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Human Papilloma Virus: Prevalence, distribution and predictive value to lymphatic metastasis in penile carcinoma

Fonseca¹,

Soares²,

Burbano³

et al. 2013

Int. braz j urol.

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Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence, distribution and association of HPV with histological pattern of worse prognosis of penile cancer, in order to evaluate its predictive value of inguinal metastasis, as well as evaluation of other previous reported prognostic factors. Material and Methods: Tumor samples of 82 patients with penile carcinoma were tested in order to establish the prevalence and distribution of genotypic HPV using PCR. HPV status was correlated to histopathological factors and the presence of inguinal mestastasis. The influence of several histological characteristics was also correlated to inguinal disease-free survival. Results: Follow-up varied from 1 to 71 months (median 22 months). HPV DNA was identified in 60.9% of sample, with higher prevalence of types 11 and 6 (64% and 32%, respectively). There was no significant correlation of the histological characteristics of worse prognosis of penile cancer with HPV status. Inguinal disease-free survival in 5 years did also not show HPV status influence (p = 0.45). The only independent pathologic factors of inguinal metastasis were: stage T ≥ T1b-T4 (p = 0.02), lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.04) and infiltrative invasion (p = 0.03). Conclusions: HPV status and distribution had shown no correlation with worse prognosis of histological aspects, or predictive value for lymphatic metastasis in penile carcinoma.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Human Papilloma Virus: Prevalence, distribution and predictive value to lymphatic metastasis in penile carcinoma

Fonseca¹,

Soares²,

Burbano³

et al. 2013

Int. braz j urol.

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“…They were among those more commonly associated with the virus. 13 However, there is no adequate clinical, pathological, and outcome characterization of wartybasaloid carcinomas. In this report, we are presenting a large number of cases to describe these features.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The association of these special subtypes of penile carcinomas, both showing different morphological features and biological behavior, [2][3][4]7 is not surprising considering their presumed common human papillomavirus-related pathogenesis. [11][12][13] In a recent large survey of human papillomavirus in invasive penile tumors, warty-basaloid carcinomas were recognized as a special tumor subtype. They were among those more commonly associated with the virus.…”

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confidence: 99%

Warty–basaloid carcinoma: clinicopathological features of a distinctive penile neoplasm. Report of 45 cases

Chaux¹,

Tamboli

Ayala

et al. 2010

Modern Pathology

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Most penile cancers are squamous cell carcinomas, but there are several subtypes with different clinicopathologic, viral, and outcome features. We are presenting 45 cases of a distinctive morphological variant of penile squamous cell carcinoma composed of mixed features of warty and basaloid carcinomas. This tumor was earlier recognized in a recent viral study and showed a high association with human papillomavirus infection. However, clinicopathologic features are not well known. In this multi-institutional study, patients' mean age was 62 years. Most tumors (64%) invaded multiple anatomical compartments, including glans, coronal sulcus, and, especially, inner foreskin mucosa. Tumor size ranged from 2 to 12 cm (mean 5.5 cm). Three morphological patterns were recognized: (1) the most common, observed in two-thirds of the cases was that of a typical condylomatous tumor on surface and basaloid features in deep infiltrative nests; (2) in 15% of the cases, there were non-papillomatous invasive carcinoma nests with mixed basaloid and warty features; and (3) unusually, predominantly papillomatous. Invasion of penile erectile tissues was frequent, either corpus spongiosum or cavernosum (47% each). Tumors limited to lamina propria were rare. Most tumors were of high grade (89%). Vascular and perineural invasion were found in about one-half and one-quarter of cases, respectively. Associated penile intraepithelial neoplasia was identified in 19 cases and mostly showed basaloid, warty-basaloid, or warty features. Inguinal nodal metastases were found in 11/21 patients with groin dissections. Invasion of corpora cavernosa, high histological grade, and presence of vascular/perineural invasion were more prevalent in metastatic cases. In 21 patients followed, the cancer-specific mortality rate was 33% with a mean survival time of 2.8 years. Warty-basaloid carcinomas are morphologically distinctive human papillomavirus-related penile neoplasms that, such as basaloid carcinomas, are biologically more aggressive than typical warty carcinoma from which they should be distinguished.

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“…Reported HPV rates also vary widely for invasive urothelial carcinomas, ranging from 0 to 100%. [38][39][40] This variation may be due to the different methods of detection used in the studies. For frozen or fresh tissue, PCR is considered to be the gold standard, 41 although PCR technique is frequently blamed for being oversensitive, subject to contamination, and false-positive results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Basaloid and warty morphologies are characteristic of HPV-associated squamous cell carcinomas and have been shown to correlate with viral status in oropharyngeal, 8 vulvar, 5 penile, 38 and anal carcinomas. 53 Bladder squamous cell carcinoma very rarely shows basaloid/warty features, which is consistent with the infrequent finding of HPV in bladder squamous cell carcinoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urothelial carcinoma with prominent squamous differentiation in the setting of neurogenic bladder: role of human papillomavirus infection

et al. 2012

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Squamous cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder are rare in the Western world; the majority of cases are reported in countries endemic to Schistosoma parasitic infections. Unlike squamous tumors of the uterine cervix or oropharynx, the human papillomavirus (HPV) is not commonly associated with bladder squamous cell carcinomas. We report on two cases of HPV-positive urothelial carcinomas of the urinary bladder with extensive squamous differentiation showing the typical basaloid, poorly differentiated morphology of HPV-associated tumors. These occurred in patients with neurogenic bladders who had long-standing histories of selfcatheterization with tumors that tested positive for HPV by in situ hybridization. A retrospective review of our institutional database revealed four additional patients with bladder tumors showing squamous differentiation arising in the setting of neurogenic bladder. Review of these cases showed the more common welldifferentiated keratinizing appearance of squamous cell carcinomas of the bladder. These tumors showed only patchy positivity for p16 immunohistochemical stain (not the diffuse strong staining seen in HPV-positive tumors), and the one tested case was negative for HPV by in situ hybridization. HPV infection and neurogenic bladder have been independently associated with increased risk of developing carcinoma in the urinary bladder; however, this is the first report of squamous tumors arising in the setting of concurrent neurogenic bladder and HPV infection. The morphology of these tumors is similar to that of other high-risk HPV-associated squamous carcinomas with a basaloid, poorly differentiated appearance and little to no keratin formation. Modern Pathology (2012) 25, 1534-1542; doi:10.1038/modpathol.2012.112; published online 6 July 2012 Keywords: HPV; neurogenic bladder; squamous cell carcinoma; urothelial cancerThe human papillomavirus (HPV) has an important role as a human carcinogen, with an estimated 10% of cancers worldwide attributed to it. 1 HPV is a small circular double-stranded DNA virus with more than 100 different types described to date. 2 The potential of the virus to cause malignant or benign lesions dictates its classification into low-risk (6,11,40,42, and so on) or high-risk (16,18,31,33,45,51, and so on) types. The prototypical model for carcinogenesis is squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix, in which nearly all such carcinomas are associated with HPV infection. 3,4 The oncogenic role of HPV is also well established for a subset of squamous cell carcinomas in the vulva, 5 penis, 6 anus, 7 and oropharynx. 8 The possible role of HPV infection in bladder tumors has not been completely elucidated as HPV detection rates vary widely from 0 to 100%, depending on the study. 9,10 An intriguing issue has been the possible association of the virus with bladder squamous cell carcinoma. The few published studies 11-14 on this relationship have shown a low frequency of HPV detection, implying that HPV is not likely to have a major role in the development of bladd...

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The Basaloid Cell is the Best Tissue Marker for Human Papillomavirus in Invasive Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Study of 202 Cases From Paraguay

Cited by 106 publications

References 45 publications

Human Papilloma Virus: Prevalence, distribution and predictive value to lymphatic metastasis in penile carcinoma

Human Papilloma Virus: Prevalence, distribution and predictive value to lymphatic metastasis in penile carcinoma

Warty–basaloid carcinoma: clinicopathological features of a distinctive penile neoplasm. Report of 45 cases

Urothelial carcinoma with prominent squamous differentiation in the setting of neurogenic bladder: role of human papillomavirus infection

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