The Basic Region and Leucine Zipper Transcription Factor MafK Is a New Nerve Growth Factor-Responsive Immediate Early Gene That Regulates Neurite Outgrowth

Törőcsik, Beáta; Angelastro, James M.; Greene, Lloyd A.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.22-20-08971.2002

Cited by 39 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…In extension of pioneer- ing large-scale studies that previously identified NGFresponsive genes (Lee et al 1995(Lee et al , 2005Mayumi et al 1998;Brown et al 1999;Angelastro et al 2000Angelastro et al , 2002Torocsik et al 2002), we show that expression of NGFresponsive genes is very time dependent. In particular the K-means clusters graph illustrates that timing of up-or down-regulation of a gene is a fundamental aspect of acquisition of the neuronal phenotype.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…A number of different techniques to achieve this have been employed and range from targeted display, to expressed sequence tag analysis, serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE), and microarray analysis (Lee et al 1995(Lee et al , 2005Mayumi et al 1998;Brown et al 1999;Angelastro et al 2000Angelastro et al , 2002Torocsik et al 2002;Marek et al 2004). In particular, SAGE and microarray analysis have become prominent methods to pursue these goals.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Temporal and functional dynamics of the transcriptome during nerve growth factor‐induced differentiation

Dijkmans

Hooijdonk

Schouten

et al. 2008

Journal of Neurochemistry

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The rat pheochromocytoma cell line (PC12) is an extensively used model to study neuronal differentiation. The initial signaling cascades triggered by nerve growth factor (NGF) stimulation have been subject to thorough investigation and are well characterized. However, knowledge of temporal transcriptomal regulation during NGF-induced differentiation of PC12 cells remains far from complete. We performed a microarray study that characterized temporal and functional changes of the transcriptome during 4 subsequent days of differentiation of Neuroscreen-1 PC12 cells. By analyzing the transcription profiles of 1595 NGF-regulated genes, we show a large diversity of transcriptional regulation in time. Also, we quantitatively identified 26 out of 243 predefined biological process and 30 out of 255 predefined molecular function classes that are specifically regulated by NGF. Combining the temporal and functional transcriptomal data revealed that NGF selectively exerts a temporally coordinated regulation of genes implicated in protein biosynthesis, intracellular signaling, cell structure, chromatin packaging and remodeling, intracellular protein traffic, mRNA transcription, and cell cycle. We will discuss how NGF-induced changes may modulate the transcriptional response to NGF itself during differentiation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal and functional dynamics of the transcriptome during nerve growth factor‐induced differentiation

Dijkmans

Hooijdonk

Schouten

et al. 2008

Journal of Neurochemistry

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“…For example, neurotrophic signals up-regulate synthesis of lipids and their synthetic enzymes supporting axon outgrowth (Araki and Wurtman 1997). Transcription factors are now being identified that are both regulated by neurotrophins and required for axon outgrowth, for example, the immediate early gene MafK (Torocsik et al 2002). Even more interestingly, axon growth requires the transcription of genes specific for axon elongation.…”

Section: How Do Extracellular Signals Induce Axon Elongation?mentioning

confidence: 99%

How does an axon grow?

Goldberg¹

2003

Genes Dev.

204

138

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How do axons grow during development, and why do they fail to regrow when injured? In the complicated mesh of our nervous system, the axon is the information superhighway, carrying all of the data we use to sense our environment and carry out behaviors. To wire up our nervous system properly, neurons must elongate their axons during development to reach their targets. This is no simple task, however. The complex morphology of axons and dendrites puts neurons among the most intricate and beautiful cells in the body. Knowledge of how neurons extend axons and dendrites, elongate at a particular rate, and stop growing at the proper time is critical to understanding the development of our nervous system, yet the regulation of these processes is poorly understood. Considerable attention in recent years has focused on understanding how growth cones are guided and steered through complicated pathways (for review, see Schmidt and Hall 1998;Mueller 1999), and even how neurons initiate new processes (for review, see Da Silva and Dotti 2002), but what mechanisms are involved in elongation itself? Are environmental signals needed to drive axon growth and, if so, what are the intracellular molecular mechanisms by which they induce elongation? What controls the rate of axon growth? How do CNS neurons know whether to extend axons or dendrites? Is the signaling of axon versus dendrite growth attributable to different extracellular signals, different neuronal states, or both? All of these questions bear critically on our understanding of axon growth and here I review recent answers and approaches to the above questions, and highlight their relevance during development, injury, and disease.

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“…Although RNAi has recently been shown to function in mammalian neurons (Gaudilliere et al, 2002;Krichevsky and Kosik, 2002;Torocsik et al, 2002), there are several specific problems that limit its usefulness in such cells. One is that the delivery procedure itself, which often uses lipid transfection reagents or electroporation, can induce neuronal damage and death and thus alter experimental outcome or interpretation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Efficient Small Interfering RNA Delivery to Primary Mammalian Neurons Induces MicroRNA-Like Effects before mRNA Degradation

Davidson¹,

Harel²,

Arboleda³

et al. 2004

J. Neurosci.

197

157

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The study of protein function in neurons has been hindered by the lack of highly efficient, nontoxic methods of inducing RNA interference in such cells. Here we show that application of synthetic small interfering RNA (siRNA) linked to the vector peptide Penetratin1 results in rapid, highly efficient uptake of siRNA by entire populations of cultured primary mammalian hippocampal and sympathetic neurons. This treatment leads to specific knock-down of targeted proteins within hours without the toxicity associated with transfection. In contrast to current methods, our technique permits study of protein function across entire populations with minimal disturbance of complex cellular networks. Using this technique, we found that protein knock-down (evident after 6 hr) precedes any decrease in targeted message (evident after 24 hr), suggesting an early, translational repression by perfectly targeted siRNAs.

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The Basic Region and Leucine Zipper Transcription Factor MafK Is a New Nerve Growth Factor-Responsive Immediate Early Gene That Regulates Neurite Outgrowth

Cited by 39 publications

References 71 publications

Temporal and functional dynamics of the transcriptome during nerve growth factor‐induced differentiation

Temporal and functional dynamics of the transcriptome during nerve growth factor‐induced differentiation

How does an axon grow?

Highly Efficient Small Interfering RNA Delivery to Primary Mammalian Neurons Induces MicroRNA-Like Effects before mRNA Degradation

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